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Have you ever wondered how root cause analysis has developed over the years? Join Mark and Alex as they discuss how root cause analysis became what it is today. What is the History of Root Cause Analysis?

The History of Root Cause Analysis is a fascinating topic. It starts all the back with Aristotle, Socrates, and Pluto. RCA has been developed over hundreds of years across many cultures, and in the modern day, a systematic method has been added.

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Historical Time Line

• Walter Shewart: 1930s - late 1940s
Known for creating control charts and the Shewart Cycle (PDCA)
Worked for Bell Telephone
Taught a class on using control charts and PDCA to improve processes
Friends with W. Edwards Deming
Learn more about Walter here -    • Who is Walter A. Shewhart ? - A Quality Gu...  

• W. Edwards Deming: 1940s - 1950s
Involved in introducing Shewart to the US Military
Traveled to Japan after the war to study their rebuilding
Helped introduce US quality statistics to Japan
Learn more about Edwards here - https://asq.org/about-asq/honorary-me...

• World War II
US Government creates FMEA after frustrations with monition malfunctions
Introduced quality sampling and segregation practices

In the 1950s, Joseph Juran coined the term Pareto charts based on Vilfredo Pareto in the US. He later traveled to Japan and met with Ishikawa.

• Kaoru Ishikawa: 1950s - 1980s Post War Japan
Creation of Fish Bone Diagrams
Bones made of 6M's (Man Power, Machine, Method, Material, Mother Nature, Measurement plus Measurement and Maintenance)
Pushed for 7 quality tools for improvement

• Sakichi Toyoda and Taiichi Ohno: 1950s - 1980s
Toyoda is credited with the creation or popularization of the 5 Whys method
Taiichi Ohno is also credited with the creation of the Toyoda Production System, 7 wastes, and teaching Jidoka

• Bill Smith: 1986
Motorola
Introduction of 6 Sigma
3.4 defects per million
More about breaking down and response to a problem than really RCA

• Ford Introduces 8D Problem-Solving
1. Build Team
2. Describe the Problem
3. Develop an Interim Containment Plan
4. Determine Root Cause
5. Create Corrective Actions
6. Implement Corrective Action
7. Prevent Recurrence
8. Share Success

Putting it all together - Broad Historical Lense
• Early ideas about cause and effect were generally seen as a way to understand and predict the world
• As the world industrialized, people began to deal with defects on a massive industrial scale
• During WWII, there began a push from the government to identify, contain, and fix defects
• The people who established many of these early quality and safety standards went on to influence other organizations and other countries during rebuild efforts
• Over the next 50 years, many new names for techniques began to emerge, but they all mainly relied on cause and effect
• In the 90s, many of these biased-based techniques began spreading across broader industries
• Root Cause Analysis was changed by the recognition that it needed to have a broader understanding of Human Factors

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