Every automobile engine needs oil, but not just any oil will do. Modern engines are designed and built to exacting standards and require oils that meet very specific industry and automaker specifications to ensure a long service life. Failure to use the right type oil, and document its use, could void your new-car warranty.
Most late-model cars require synthetic-blend or full-synthetic, low-viscosity, multi-grade, resource-conserving oils that minimize friction and maximize fuel economy. However, choosing the right oil is not always easy. The proper oil for your make and model of vehicle must have the correct SAE viscosity grade, meet performance standards set by the API, ILSAC and/or ACEA, and comply with any unique specifications established by the automaker or engine manufacturer. These requirements are detailed in your vehicle owner's manual, and your auto repair shop can provide information on your vehicle’s recommended oil specifications as well.
Depending on vehicle age, type of oil and driving conditions, oil change intervals will vary. It used to be normal to change the oil every 3,000 miles, but with modern lubricants most engines today have recommended oil change intervals of 5,000 to 7,500 miles. Moreover, if your car's engine requires full-synthetic motor oil, it might go as far as 15,000 miles between services! You cannot judge engine oil condition by color, so follow the factory maintenance schedule for oil changes.
When Your Vehicle Is In Warranty.
When a vehicle is new, the answer is simple: If you don't want to void your powertrain warranty, follow the oil type, mileage, and time recommendations in the owner's manual. (Lost your owner's manual? It's likely available online.) In most cases, you'll be taking your vehicle to the dealer for required inspections and maintenance, and oil changes will be included in that regime.
What About Commercial Vehicles?
For a semi truck, generally, an oil change is recommended after about 25,000 miles. With recent developments in engine efficiency and oil itself, the distance interval between oil changes has increased significantly, allowing drivers to go further between service visits. Again, the average interval is 25,000 miles, but there are ways to lengthen that interval and get the most out of your truck’s engine oil.
What Determines Oil Change Frequency?
On average, you will want to get commercial vehicle service, including an oil change, no later than 30,000 miles to be on the safe side. Several factors impact when your oil should be changed, including:
Oil Quality: Much like everything else in the automotive world, something of poor quality won’t last as long as a quality product. Low quality oil won’t last as long as high quality oil, and it can also cause damage to your engine.
Driving Habits: If you push your vehicle too hard, drive it on steep inclines frequently, or consistently drive on rough surfaces, your efficiency will drop and your oil will need to be changed more frequently.
Engine Condition: Some companies and fleet managers will use special equipment to monitor engine health and age. They will use this information to gauge oil change frequency, rather than basing it on mileage. Generally, testing the engine to determine oil changes is for heavy-duty, long-haul commercial vehicles.
Driving Conditions: Driving through severe heat or severe cold for hundreds of miles impacts your oil. It will loose its thickness in heat, and becomes thicker in cold weather. These both have adverse affects on your engine, and could therefore force an oil change sooner than planned.
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