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Summary: Learn how to use OpenSSL to test SSL connections and troubleshoot issues. Discover command-line tools to check SSL/TLS configurations and certificate details.
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Testing SSL connections with OpenSSL is a fundamental skill for anyone working with secure web services or network configurations. OpenSSL provides powerful command-line tools that allow you to examine SSL/TLS connections, certificates, and troubleshoot potential issues. Here's a guide on how to perform basic SSL connection testing using OpenSSL:

Checking SSL Handshake

To test an SSL connection and verify the SSL handshake, use the openssl s_client command. This command establishes an SSL connection to a specified server and port:

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Replace example.com with the hostname of the server you want to test and 443 with the appropriate port number (typically 443 for HTTPS). This command will display detailed information about the SSL handshake, certificate chain, and connection parameters.

Checking SSL/TLS Protocol Versions

You can specify the SSL/TLS protocol version to use when testing the connection. For example, to use TLS 1.2:

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Similarly, you can test with other versions like -tls1_3 for TLS 1.3.

Viewing Certificate Details

To view detailed information about the SSL certificate presented by the server, use the following command:

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This command retrieves the certificate from the server and displays its textual representation, including subject, issuer, validity dates, and other attributes.

Checking SSL Cipher Suites

To list the supported cipher suites by the server, use the following command:

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Replace <cipher> with the specific cipher suite you want to test (e.g., ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384).

Verifying Chain of Trust

To verify the SSL certificate chain and ensure it's trusted by OpenSSL, use:

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This command displays the complete certificate chain sent by the server, allowing you to check for any issues with intermediate certificates or certificate authority (CA) bundles.

By using these OpenSSL commands, you can diagnose SSL/TLS connection issues, validate certificates, and ensure secure configurations for your applications and services.