Скачать или смотреть How to Create a Maven Project in Eclipse for Beginners | Basic POM & Archetype Approaches

Maven is a powerful build automation and project management tool specifically tailored for Java applications. It helps streamline tasks such as dependency management, project building, and packaging by following a standardized project structure. Maven projects are organized using a central configuration file, pom.xml, which specifies the dependencies, plugins, and build configurations for the project. It also offers a vast repository of libraries, making it easy for developers to add external dependencies without manually managing complex library paths or versions.

Eclipse, on the other hand, is a highly popular Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for Java and many other programming languages. Eclipse provides a rich environment for coding, debugging, and running applications, with many plugins and features to support a variety of programming tasks. One of Eclipse’s strengths is its extensibility, allowing developers to customize it to fit their needs, making it suitable for everything from simple applications to complex enterprise projects.

When combined, Maven and Eclipse create an efficient development environment. Eclipse has plugins that fully support Maven, allowing users to manage dependencies, build projects, and perform other Maven-based tasks directly within the IDE. This integration means that developers can edit the pom.xml file, synchronize their dependencies, and quickly build and test projects without leaving Eclipse. It simplifies the development workflow by handling dependencies and project configuration in a centralized, organized manner, thus promoting consistency across development teams.

Regarding the advantages of Maven over Gradle, Maven is often favored for its structured and highly documented configuration style. Its XML-based configuration is verbose but provides a clear, declarative structure, making it easy for larger teams to understand and follow. Maven’s central repository is extensive and well-supported, simplifying dependency management across a broad range of Java projects. Additionally, Maven's strong community and support, particularly in enterprise settings, mean that many established Java projects rely on it.

However, Gradle offers greater flexibility and customization, particularly for complex builds. Maven excels in scenarios where structure and predictability are prioritized, while Gradle’s scripting-based approach can be advantageous for more complex builds requiring specific customization.