Problem Name : Walking Robot Simulation | Detailed Simulation | Leetcode 874 |

Problem Name : Walking Robot Simulation | Detailed Simulation | Leetcode 874 |
Company Tags : Jane Street
Leetcode Link : https://leetcode.com/problems/walking-robo...
The solution simulates a robot navigating a 2D grid, starting at the origin (0, 0) and responding to movement commands in four possible directions: North, South, East, and West. The robot must also avoid obstacles that are placed on the grid.

Key Components:
Obstacle Handling: Obstacles are stored in a HashSet as strings, where each obstacle's coordinates are formatted as "x_y". This allows for quick checks to see if a given coordinate contains an obstacle.

Direction Management: The robot’s direction is tracked using a 2-element array (dir[]). The robot starts facing North, represented by the array {0, 1}. The array updates when the robot turns left or right, changing its direction vector accordingly.

Command Execution:

For turning commands (-2 for left, -1 for right), the robot's direction is updated.
For positive movement commands, the robot moves step-by-step in its current direction. If it encounters an obstacle, it stops moving in that direction.
Distance Calculation: After each command, the robot’s Euclidean distance from the origin is calculated using the formula x² + y². The solution keeps track of the maximum distance reached during the simulation.

Final Output:
The solution returns the maximum distance from the origin that the robot achieves, ensuring accurate movement simulation while efficiently managing obstacles.

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