How it Works: Internal Pressure Relief Valve

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This video demonstrates the operation of a pressure relief valve which is used to limit the pressure capability of a positive displacement pump.
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Viking Pump manufactures rotary positive displacement pumps. These types of pumps have a key characteristic of delivering a consistent volume of liquid with each shaft revolution. If the liquid is prevented from being delivered by a blocked or closed discharge line, pressure can build. This buildup of pressure can stall the motor, damage drive equipment, damage the pump, or even burst hoses or piping. Because of this, some form of pressure protection must be used with any positive displacement pump.
Pressure protection can take many forms, but one of the simplest and most reliable is the Viking internal relief valve.
The valve consists of several key components: The valve body which houses the internals and connects the valve to the pump, a moving poppet, one or more springs, and an adjusting screw to compress the springs and adjust the pressure setting.
As pressure at the valve inlet increases, it eventually reaches a point where the spring compresses slightly, moving the poppet and bypassing a small amount of pumped liquid. This is known as the “cracking pressure” of the valve. In an internal relief valve, this flow is diverted back to the suction side of the pump.
If pressure continues to build, the valve will open more to divert more flow back to the suction side. If the discharge line is blocked or closed entirely then 100% of the pump’s capacity is cycled through the valve. This is called the “full bypass pressure."
When the pressure returns to normal, the spring moves the poppet to close the valve and the pump returns to full capacity.
The Viking Pump internal relief valve is standard on most models and provides over-pressure protection without additional piping and space.