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This video from Grad Math Mentor explains how to find the rank of a matrix using the Normal Form Method (0:05). The Normal Form Method is one of three common methods for determining a matrix's rank, alongside the Minor Method and Equivalent Form Method (0:11-0:19).

What is Normal Form?
• A matrix is converted into a "normal form" by attempting to create an identity matrix (I_r) of order 'r' within it (0:34-0:45). The rank of the matrix is then 'r', which corresponds to the order of the identity matrix formed (0:48-0:50, 1:07-1:09).
• The normal form can appear in various structures, all characterized by an identity matrix in the upper-left corner and zeros elsewhere (0:54-0:57).

Procedure for Normal Form Method (1:11):
1. First Element Check: Ensure the element at A11 (first row, first column) is a non-zero element (1:43-1:45). If it's zero, interchange rows or columns to make it non-zero (1:51-1:56).
2. Make A11 One: If A11 is non-zero, make it one by dividing the first row by the value of A11 (2:07-2:18).
3. Zero Out First Column: Make all other elements in the first column zero by subtracting appropriate multiples of the first row from other rows (2:21-2:48).
4. Zero Out First Row (excluding A11): Make all other elements in the first row (excluding A11) zero by applying column operations based on the first column (2:49-3:12).
5. Repeat for Submatrix: After the first row and column are processed, a new smaller submatrix is formed. The process is then repeated for the element at the top-left of this submatrix, continuing until the maximum possible identity matrix is formed (3:34-3:55). The order of this identity matrix is the rank.

Examples (4:03):
The video demonstrates the method with two examples:
• Example 1: A 3x3 matrix is reduced to a normal form, resulting in a 2x2 identity matrix, thus a rank of 2 (4:06-7:08).
• Example 2: A 4x4 matrix is transformed through row and column operations to yield a 2x2 identity matrix, indicating a rank of 2 (7:17-9:47). Rank of matrix using normal form method
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