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🔬 Compound Microscope | Normal & Alternate Adjustment | Ray Diagrams | Angular Magnification Derivation | GCE A/L Physics

Welcome to the channel!
In this lesson, we break down one of the most important topics in GCE A/L Physics – Optics: the Compound Microscope. This video provides a complete, exam-focused explanation ideal for both revision and first-time learning.

This tutorial covers:
✔️ Differnce in Normal adjustment and alternate adjustment in compound microscope and Telescope
✔️ Normal Adjustment
✔️ Alternate / Least Eye Strain Adjustment
✔️ How to Draw Ray Diagrams Correctly (Step-by-Step)
✔️ Derivation of Angular Magnification / Magnifying Power

📌 Topics Covered:
00:00 Compound Microscope vs Telescope
00:03 to 00:06 Compound Microscope – Normal Adjustment
00:07 Angular Magnification (Normal Adjustment) – Derivation
00:13 Compound Microscope – Non-Normal Adjustment
00:19 Angular Magnification (Non-Normal Adjustment)




Whether you're doing A/L Physics (Sri Lanka), A-Level Cambridge, or preparing for school exams, this video will help you gain complete confidence in this chapter.

📘 What You Will Learn (Detailed Breakdown)
🔹 1. Construction of a Compound Microscope

Objective lens

Eyepiece lens

Tube length

Focal points and principal axes

Formation of enlarged virtual images

🔹 2. Working Principle

Real, inverted, magnified intermediate image

Final image at near point or at infinity

Role of each lens in total magnification

🔹 3. Normal Adjustment

Final image at infinity

Condition for minimum eye strain

Derivation of magnifying power under normal adjustment

Diagram drawing method explained slowly and clearly

🔹 4. Alternate Adjustment (Least Strain / Near-Point Adjustment)

Final image at near point (25 cm)

Derivation of magnifying power

Differences from normal adjustment

Maximum total magnification conditions

🔹 5. Ray Diagram Drawing Technique

Step-by-step method used in A/L marking schemes

How to mark focal points, intermediate image, and final image

Clean and accurate diagram suitable for exams

Common mistakes and how to avoid them

🔹 6. Angular Magnification (Derivation in Simple Steps)

Objective magnification formula

Eyepiece magnification formula

Final combined magnifying power

A/L-friendly explanation with logic

🎯 Why This Video Is Perfect for GCE A/L Students

Clear explanations specifically aligned with the Sri Lankan syllabus

Ray diagrams explained slowly and cleanly

Derivations shown step-by-step

Useful for both Sinhala Medium & English Medium students

Helps in MCQs, structured questions, and essay-type questions

Ideal for quick revision before exams

💡 Use This Video For

✔️ GCE A/L Physics (Sri Lanka)
✔️ A-Level Cambridge / Edexcel Optics
✔️ Grade 12 & 13 Physics
✔️ Revision for term tests, school exams & private classes
✔️ Understanding microscope ray diagrams clearly

👍 Support the Channel

If this video helped you understand the compound microscope clearly:
✔️ Like the video
✔️ Comment your questions
✔️ Share with your A/L friends
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