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Learn how to efficiently remove lines from a text file in Python based on their length using the `len()` function. Simple and practical solution explained!
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How to Delete Specific Words in Python Based on Length Using len()

Managing text data can often be a tricky task, especially when you want to manipulate it based on specific criteria—like removing lines of text that exceed a specific length. If you find yourself needing to delete lines in a text file that have more than a certain number of characters, you're in the right place!

In this post, we'll tackle the problem you might encounter while trying to filter out lines from a file based on their length using Python's built-in len() function. Let’s dive into the issue and break down a solution step-by-step.

The Problem

You have a text file named ckb.txt that contains several lines of text in Kurdish. Here's a quick look at the content of that file:

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Your goal is to remove any lines that consist of more than 4 characters. After running a piece of code you wrote, you noticed that it didn’t work as expected. The primary challenge arises from attempting to modify the list of lines directly within the loop, which is not the right approach in Python.

The Solution

The solution involves reading the contents of the file once, applying a filter to get only the lines that fit your criteria, and then writing the filtered lines back to the file. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of how to do this effectively.

Step 1: Reading the File

First, you'll want to read all the lines from your text file. This will give you a complete list of lines to work with.

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Step 2: Filtering the Lines

Next, use the filter() function to remove lines longer than 4 characters. The filter() function creates an iterable of lines that you can convert back into a list.

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Step 3: Writing Back to the File

Finally, you'll need to write the cleaned list of lines back into the file. Ensure you open the file in write mode so you can overwrite the existing content.

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Complete Example

Here’s how the complete code looks when you put all the steps together:

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Important Notes

Encoding: Using encoding='utf-8' ensures that you're handling special characters properly, especially important for languages like Kurdish.

File Modes: Using 'r+ ' allows you to read and write to the file in one go, but remember to switch to 'w+ ' when writing the filtered lines to avoid any data loss.

Conclusion

In summary, by using Python's len() function in conjunction with the filter() method, you can easily clean up your text files by removing lines that do not meet your length criteria. This method is efficient, concise, and straightforward—perfect for anyone looking to manipulate text data effectively. Happy coding!