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python deque: coding practice problems (geeksforgeeks style)

this tutorial covers common coding problems involving python's `collections.deque` object, mirroring the style of problems found on geeksforgeeks. we'll explore various applications and provide detailed explanations with code examples. remember to install the `collections` module (it's part of the python standard library, so you likely already have it).


*what is a deque?*

a deque (double-ended queue) is a generalized queue data structure that supports adding and removing elements from both ends efficiently (o(1) time complexity). this makes it suitable for problems involving maintaining order from both ends, unlike a standard queue (fifo) or stack (lifo). python's `collections.deque` provides an optimized implementation of this data structure.


*problem 1: sliding window maximum*

*problem statement:* given an array of integers `nums` and an integer `k`, find the maximum value in each sliding window of size `k`.

*example:*

`nums = [1, 3, -1, -3, 5, 3, 6, 7]`, `k = 3`

output: `[3, 3, 5, 5, 6, 7]`


*solution:*

we can efficiently solve this using a deque to store indices of potential maximum elements within the sliding window. the deque maintains the indices in decreasing order of their corresponding values.




*problem 2: first negative integer in every window of size k*

*problem statement:* given an array of integers and a window size `k`, find the first negative integer in each window of size `k`. if no negative integer is present in a window, print 0.

*example:*

`arr = [12, -1, -7, 8, -15, 30, 16, 28]`, `k = 3`

output: `[-1, -1, -7, -15, 0]`


*solution:*

we utilize a deque to store indices of negative numbers. we maintain the deque such that it only contains indices within the current window and the elements are in the order they appear in the window.





*problem 3: maximum of all subarrays of size k*

*problem statement:* given an array, find the maximum el ...

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Python Deque
Coding Practice
GeeksforGeeks
Data Structures
Queue Implementation
Double-ended Queue
Algorithm Challenges
Python Collections
Efficient Data Handling
Circular Deque
Sliding Window Problems
Stack Operations
Queue Operations
Competitive Programming
Python Exercises