Скачать или смотреть Construction Of Mini Hydroelectric Dam With TESLA TURBINE

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🏞️ Part 1: Civil Works (The Dam and Water System)The construction focuses on harnessing the potential energy of falling water, defined by the head (vertical drop) and flow (volume of water).1. Site Assessment and DesignFeasibility Study: Measure the head ($H$) in meters and the flow rate ($Q$) in cubic meters per second ($m^3/s$) at the proposed site. These values determine the potential power output ($P$).Power Potential: $P \approx 9.81 \times Q \times H \times \eta$ (where $\eta$ is the overall efficiency, typically 0.4 to 0.7 for small systems).Dam/Diversion Structure: Construct a small weir or diversion structure (the "mini dam") across the stream or river. This structure elevates the water level just enough to divert a portion of the flow into the intake.Intake and Settling Tank (Forebay): Build an intake structure with a trash rack to block debris. A settling tank (forebay) immediately after the intake allows sediment and finer particles to drop out before the water enters the penstock, protecting the turbine.2. Water Conveyance (Penstock)Pipeline Installation: Install the penstock (the pipeline) that carries the water from the forebay down to the turbine location.Pipe Sizing: The pipe size must be carefully calculated to minimize frictional losses, which reduce the effective head (Net Head). For micro-hydro, the goal is often a high head over a short distance.⚙️ Part 2: Electromechanical Installation (Tesla Turbine System)The Tesla turbine, unlike traditional turbines, relies on the boundary-layer effect where the viscosity of the fluid drags on a set of smooth, closely-spaced parallel discs.1. Tesla Turbine Design and FabricationRotor: The Tesla turbine rotor consists of several smooth, flat discs (often made of materials like copper or even hard-drive platters for very small DIY models) fixed to a central shaft. Spacers maintain a small, precise gap between the discs (this gap is critical for efficiency).Housing and Nozzle: The discs are enclosed in a housing. One or more nozzles are installed at the outer circumference of the housing to inject the high-velocity water flow tangentially into the gaps between the discs. The tangential injection is necessary to initiate the spiraling flow.Outlet: The water spirals inward, transferring momentum (torque) to the discs via viscous drag, and exits axially through a central port connected to the draft tube or tailrace.2. Turbine and Generator SetupMounting: The Tesla turbine assembly is mounted firmly at the end of the penstock in the powerhouse.Generator Connection: The turbine shaft is connected to a generator (AC or DC) to convert the mechanical rotational energy into electrical energy. A gearbox may be used to match the high rotational speed of the Tesla turbine to the optimal speed of the generator.Governing/Control: A load controller or governor is essential to maintain a constant frequency (for AC systems) by regulating the flow of water (using a valve or nozzle) or managing the electrical load.✅ Advantages of the Tesla Turbine for Mini HydroThe Tesla turbine offers specific benefits that make it suitable for small-scale projects:Simplicity and Cost: The bladeless design is easier to manufacture and has a simpler, more robust construction compared to complex-bladed conventional turbines (Pelton, Francis, etc.). This makes it potentially cheaper for small sizes.Particulate Tolerance: Its design allows it to handle fluids with higher amounts of debris or sediment (muddy water) with less wear and tear and a lower risk of clogging.Performance at Micro-Scale: For very small turbine sizes (micro-turbines), the Tesla turbine's efficiency can be competitive with or even better than conventional designs, which typically suffer significant efficiency loss when scaled down.The video, "Build a Tesla Turbine for Hydroelectric power," provides a practical demonstration of how a Tesla turbine can be constructed and tested for small-scale hydroelectric power generation.



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