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What's the difference between "endangered" and "critically endangered"?
Not Evaluated means a species or subspecies has not been evaluated for a conservation status to be given. This could or could not be because of the species/subspecies itself.
Data Deficient means we don’t know enough about a species wild population or populations and range to know specifically how much at risk the species is of extinction. But usually we can assume if a Data Deficient species is threatened or not based on information that is not precise enough for a conservation status. An example is the Arapaima, we know the Arapaima’s population has dangerously declined from overfishing but we don’t know many there are due to the fish being widely distributed yet rare.
Least concern means a species or subspecies is at no risk of extinction due to being abundant, widespread, or even resilient. Least Concern is the best conservation status a species or subspecies can have. An example of a Least Concern species is the Bald Eagle; abundant for an eagle and widespread from Florida to Alaska. An example of a Least Concern subspecies is the American Black Bear; Widespread and resilient due to having an adaptable diet as well as being able to nurse while pregnant.

Near Threatened means a species or subspecies is close to being at risk of extinction or is predicted to become at risk of extinction. If humans do not take into account what Near Threatened species are susceptible to these species can quickly become threatened with extinction. Examples of Near Threatened species and subspecies include the Maned Wolf; Requires a lot of habitat so habitat loss could become a problem. And the Southwestern Black Rhino; slowly recovering but could rapidly decline again if not protected enough from poaching.
Vulnerable means a species, subspecies, or population is at high risk of extinction, hence the name. Yes, there are many species who are at much higher risk of extinction than vulnerable species but vulnerable species should not be ignored. An example of a Vulnerable species is the American Crocodile; populations are recovering in Florida but in Latin America the American Crocodile is threatened by habitat loss and illegal killing. An example of a vulnerable subspecies is the African Lion; much protected but not enough to stop poaching and human conflict with humans.
Endangered means the species, subspecies, or population is at very high risk of extinction, hence the name. NOAA Fisheries and the U.S. fish & wildlife service will list critically endangered species as “endangered” so if you can learn about a species population, not just conservation status. Examples of endangered species are the Galapagos penguin; limited to the Galapagos Islands which now have predatory feral cats and disease carrying dogs. And the Cheetah; not given enough conservation of its habitat despite fame.
Critically endangered means a species or subspecies is at extremely high risk of extinction, or in some instances even possibly extinct or extinct in the wild. Possibly extinct or possibly extinct in the wild species and subspecies are always listed as critically endangered because if the species is extant in the wild, the populations are likely to be tiny therefore meaning the species is at extremely high risk of extinction. Examples of Critically Endangered species are the Vaquita, of which there are only 10 living individuals of which are all in the wild. And the Syr Darya Sturgeon has not been officially seen since the 1960s but there have been unconfirmed sightings of the species in the 21st century.
Extinct in the Wild means no individual of a species or subspecies exists in the wild, only in captivity or in highly protected and regulated areas. Most Extinct in the Wild species or subspecies are trying to be reintroduced into the wild by humans but lack of protected habitat in the species historic range make reintroduction difficult. Examples of Extinct in the wild species are the Spix’s Macaw; smuggling and habitat destruction have killed every wild Spix’s macaw but reintroduction of the species is planned. And the Guam Kingfisher, which would have been extinct if not in some U.S. and German Zoos.
Extinct means every living individual of a species, subspecies, or population is dead for certain. Presumably extinct means when a species or subspecies is only possibly extant. Many News articles or just the title will call Extinct in the wild and presumably extinct species extinct but this is not true. Yes, some thought-to be extinct species have been rediscovered, but almost all extinct species can’t even be hypothetically extant. An example of an Extinct species is the Chinese Paddlefish; could not access breeding areas due to the Gezhouba Dam and died quickly afterwards from pollution and overharvest. An example of a presumably extinct species is the Deepwater Cisco; Almost certainly extinct but could be extremely rare instead.