Joe Henderson (1968) [AUTUMN LEAVES]

From the album 'Four!', featuring Joe Henderson - tenor saxophone, Wynton Kelly - piano, Paul Chambers - bass, and Jimmy Cobb - drums. Recorded at the ‘Left Bank Jazz Society’ in Baltimore on April 21, 1968.

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Some notes about the composition as found on
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Composer: Joseph Kosma

Lyricist: Jacques Prevert (French), Johnny Mercer (English)

Year: 1946

Origin: Introduced in in the 1946 film Les Portes De La Nuit.

Style: Introduced at a slow pulse, it is most commonly played swung and has come to be taken at a wide variety of tempos.

Form: A-A-B-C (32 Bars) [8-8-8-8]

Verse: The original release in 1949 by Yves Montand features an introductory verse, although this is the only instance that it is included in a recording. It has not yet been adapted to English.

Key: The two most common keys are G minor and E minor.

Harmony/Overview: The harmony of this composition is very functional and remains almost entirely diatonic. The A sections begins on IImi7 of the relative Major and the harmony proceeds to cycle through diatonic fourths before returning back to Imi. The melody is also built around a diatonic pattern which fits together seamlessly with the harmony, constantly landing on the 3rds of each chord at the end of each phrase. The bridge begins with a minor II - V to VImi and continues similarly to the previous A sections. The C section also begins with a minor II - V to VImi but instead continues with a III - VI - II - V of IVMaj7 before resolving back to the tonic minor one last time.

Recordings: This song has been recorded over 1000 times and has become one of the most popular jazz standards of all time. Yves Montand was the first to introduce "Autumn Leaves" as "Les Feuilles Mortes" in the 1946 film Les Portes de la Nuit, and he was also the first to record it in the studio in 1949. It has since been recorded by virtually every prominent jazz musician at some point in their career and it continues to be performed frequently to this day, particularly at jam sessions.

JGC Top Picks:
Cannonball Adderley, Somethin’ Else, 1958
Bill Evans, Portrait In Jazz, 1959
Joe Henderson & Wynton Kelly, Four!, 1968

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