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National education policy 2020

Project :- NEP 2020

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 is India's new education framework, replacing the 1986 policy, aiming to transform the education system for the 21st century with a focus on holistic, multidisciplinary learning, skill development, and technology integration, moving from rote learning to conceptual understanding, introducing the 5+3+3+4 school structure, promoting mother tongue instruction, increasing GER in higher ed, and establishing independent regulatory bodies for education. Key goals include achieving 100% enrollment by 2030 (school) & 50% by 2035 (higher ed), incorporating vocational training from Class 6, and fostering research, all with increased public investment.
Key Features & Reforms
School Education:
New Structure: Replaces 10+2 with 5+3+3+4 (Foundational, Preparatory, Middle, Secondary stages), integrating early childhood care (ages 3-8).
Curriculum: Focus on foundational literacy/numeracy (by 2025), critical thinking, arts, sciences, vocational skills (from Class 6 with internships).
Language: Teaching up to Grade 5 in mother tongue/regional language.
Assessment: Holistic 360-degree progress cards.
Higher Education:
Multidisciplinary: Flexible undergraduate programs with multiple entry/exit points (certificate, diploma, degree, research degree).
Academic Bank of Credits (ABC): For easy credit transfer.
Regulation: Higher Education Commission of India (HECI) with four independent bodies for regulation, accreditation, funding, and standard setting.
MERUs: Multidisciplinary Education and Research Universities to be established.
Technology & Research:
National Educational Technology Forum (NETF) for tech use.
National Research Foundation (NRF) to boost research.
Goals: Increase public investment to 6% of GDP; achieve 100% Gross Enrollment Ratio (GER) in school by 2030, 50% in higher ed by 2035.
Core Principles
Holistic & Multidisciplinary: Breaking down silos between arts, sciences, vocational, and extracurriculars.
Access & Equity: Ensuring inclusion for all, including special education needs.
Quality & Relevance: Preparing students for 21st-century challenges and global competitiveness.
Indian Knowledge Systems: Promoting Indian languages, culture, and knowledge.