Скачать или смотреть POV: WHAT IS BALLAST WATER MANAGEMENT

POV: WHAT IS BALLAST WATER MANAGEMENT CONVENTION!

The Ballast Water Management (BWM) Convention is an international treaty adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 2004 to prevent the transfer of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens between marine ecosystems by ships. It requires ships to manage their ballast water by removing or rendering harmless any organisms before discharging it into a new location, with the goal of protecting biodiversity and marine environments. Key requirements include having a Ballast Water Management Plan, a Ballast Water Record Book, and an International Ballast Water Management Certificate, with most ships eventually needing an onboard ballast water treatment system.

Purpose and requirements
Purpose: To stop the spread of invasive aquatic species and pathogens that can damage local ecosystems and biodiversity, which are transported in a ship's ballast water.

Scope: Applies to ships over 400 gross tonnage designed to carry ballast water.

Documentation: All ships must have a ship-specific Ballast Water Management Plan and a Ballast Water Record Book to document ballast water operations.
Certification: Ships of 400 GT and above must carry an International

Ballast Water Management Certificate, which certifies compliance with the convention's standards.

Management and performance standards
Ballast Water Exchange Standard (D-1): An intermediate solution where ships exchange their ballast water mid-ocean, away from coastal waters.

Ballast Water Performance Standard (D-2): The stricter standard that requires ships to treat their ballast water using an approved Ballast Water Management System (BWMS) to remove or neutralize organisms before discharge.
Phased implementation: Ships were first required to meet the D-1 standard, but as of 2017, they must eventually comply with the D-2 standard, which requires installing a treatment system.
Enforcement

Entry into force: The convention entered into force globally on September 8, 2017.

Compliance: Ships must comply with the requirements to avoid penalties, as port states can enforce the convention even on ships flagged to countries that have not ratified the treaty.

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