Скачать или смотреть How to Convert __name__ == "__main__" to def main() in Python

Learn how to convert the `__name__ == "__main__"` block into a `main()` function in Python with this easy-to-follow guide!
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/64704249/ asked by the user 'thatguy123' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/14580546/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/64704296/ provided by the user 'John Gordon' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/494134/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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Converting _name_ == "__main__" to def main() in Python

If you're new to Python programming or coming from another language, you might have come across the common practice of using if _name_ == "__main__":. This idiomatic construct often confuses beginners. The good news? You can streamline your Python scripts by converting this block into a defined main() function! Let's break down how to do just that.

Understanding _name_ == "__main__"

When a Python script is executed, the interpreter sets a special variable named _name__. If the script is being run directly, __name_ is set to "__main__". This means that any code inside the if _name_ == "__main__": block will only execute if the script is run directly, not when it's imported as a module in another script.

Example of a Typical Block

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This block is often used to encapsulate the main functionality of the program, keeping it organized and clean.

Why Use a main() Function?

Defining a main() function is beneficial for several reasons:

Improves Readability: It clearly separates the main logic from other code.

Encapsulation: It keeps your code organized and allows for better maintenance and debugging.

Reusability: Ensures that if the script is imported elsewhere, the code doesn’t run automatically.

Step-by-Step Guide to Convert

Let's walk through the steps to convert your if _name_ == "__main__": construct to use a main() function effectively.

Step 1: Define the main() Function

Begin by moving all the code that is currently under the if statement into a new function called main(). This includes code for input processing and function calls.

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Step 2: Update the if _name_ Block

Now, change the if statement to simply call the main() function.

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Final Script Structure

Here’s how your entire script would look after the conversion:

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Conclusion

By converting your if _name_ == "__main__": construct into a main() function, you enhance your code's readability and maintainability. This is a good habit to cultivate as you develop more complex Python applications. So the next time you write a script, remember to encapsulate your entry point in a main() function — your future self will thank you!