Adrenergic System (Part 01) = Basic Introduction and Synthesis of Norepinephrine | Noradrenaline

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Adrenergic system or Adrenergic nervous system (ANS) is a group of organs and nerves in which adrenaline (epinephrine) and/or noradrenaline (norepinephrine) act as neurotransmitters. ANS is counted as one of the main neurohormonal systems that regulate cardiovascular function, including smooth muscle tone.

There are several key things to understand about the adrenergic system. The first is that the nerve fibres that release norepinephrine as their main neurotransmitter are called adrenergic neurons. The receptors stimulated by either norepinephrine or epinephrine are called adrenergic receptors or adrenoceptors. The drug that activates the adrenergic receptors is called sympathomimetics. On the other hand, drugs that block the activation of these same receptors are known as sympatholytics.

This vial contains epinephrine. Epinephrine is both a naturally occurring biochemical in the body and it is synthetically produced for medical purposes. Norepinephrine is also used medically but far less so than epinephrine. Primarily, adrenergic neurons (nerve cells) release norepinephrine as their neurotransmitter. Adrenergic neurons can be found in the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord), as well as the sympathetic nervous system. The receptors these adrenergic neurons stimulate are called alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, beta 2, and beta 3. Some of these can be further subdivided into more receptor subtypes, but this is beyond this lesson's scope.

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