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Viking Eye Color and DNA: What Was the Genetic Makeup of the Vikings?

Chapters:
0:00 The Viking Age
1:30 Did the Genetics of Scandinavia Change?
3:12 Viking Eye Color and Hair Color?
6:15 Did the Vikings Spread Lighter Eyes?
8:07 How Viking is Scandinavia Today?
8:58 Viking Haplogroups, DNA, Genetic Makeup and History

What color eyes and hair did the Vikings have, what haplogroups were common amongst them and what was their genetic makeup? Also, we know that the Vikings had a genetic impact on many parts of the world they raided and settled in, such as parts of Britain and Ireland for instance, but what impact did foreign genetics have on Scandinavia itself during the Viking age? I will answer these and many other questions in this video.

Now as a very quick overview, the Viking age roughly ran from around the 8th to the 11th centuries AD. Although we often refer to the Vikings today like they were some unified, cohesive empire, the term Vikings itself implies as much the action of raiding by sea rather than a fully unified group. But we do know that many people, mainly men, did set out from Scandinavia in search of fortune, land, women and whatever else may have drove them, and they are collectively known as the Vikings.

Now before we move on to look at what color eyes the Vikings had, let’s quickly look as whether the genetics of Scandinavia itself changed during the Viking age? Well a really interesting study published in Nature from 2020 looked at the Population Genomics of the Viking World, and they found that substantial ancestry from elsewhere in Europe entered Scandinavia itself during the Viking Age.

Sources:

Celtic History Decoded - What is the Genetic Legacy of the Vikings on Europe?    • What is the Genetic Legacy of the Vik...  

Celtic History Decoded: What is the Origin and Reason for Gray Eyes? What is the Origin and Reason for Gray Eyes? (youtube.com)

Raffield, B., Price, N. & Collard, M.. 2017. Male-biased operational sex ratios and the Viking phenomenon: an evolutionary anthropological perspective on late Iron Age Scandinavian raiding. Evolution and Human Behaviour 38: 315–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbeha...

Population genomics of the Viking world, Supplementary Information - 41586_2020_2688_MOESM1_ESM.pdf (springer.com)

Margaryan, A., Lawson, D.J., Sikora, M. et al. Population genomics of the Viking world. Nature 585, 390–396 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-26...

Rodriguez-Varela, R. et al. (2023) The genetic history of Scandinavia from the Roman Iron Age to the present: Cell

Blonde hair, blue eyes often not dominant characteristics of Irish Vikings, study finds – The Irish Times

What did the Vikings look like? - Appearance (natmus.dk)

Dark hair was common among Vikings, genetic study confirms | Genetics | The Guardian

What We Know About Vikings and Slavery | HISTORY

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What is the Origin and History of I1 M253 | Eupedia Forum

Haplogroup I-M253 - Wikipedia

Lall, G.M., Larmuseau, M.H.D., Wetton, J.H. et al. Subdividing Y-chromosome haplogroup R1a1 reveals Norse Viking dispersal lineages in Britain. Eur J Hum Genet 29, 512–523 (2021).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41431-020-00...

Krzewińska M, Bjørnstad G, Skoglund P, Olason PI, Bill J, Götherström A, Hagelberg E. Mitochondrial DNA variation in the Viking age population of Norway. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2015 Jan 19;370(1660):20130384. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0384. PMID: 25487335; PMCID: PMC4275891. Mitochondrial DNA variation in the Viking age population of Norway - PMC (nih.gov)

Vikings Season 3 -    • Vikings: Season 3 - Comic-Con Trailer...  

Viking Age - Wikipedia

Danelaw - Wikipedia

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Haplogroup R1b - Wikipedia

Haplogroup R1a - Wikipedia

Haplogroup R1a (Y-DNA) - Eupedia

Abbasid Caliphate - Wikipedia

#Vikingeyecolor #VikingDNA #vikings