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Estimates standard deviation based on a sample. The standard deviation is a measure of how widely values are dispersed from the average value (the mean).

Important: This function has been replaced with one or more new functions that may provide improved accuracy and whose names better reflect their usage. Although this function is still available for backward compatibility, you should consider using the new functions from now on, because this function may not be available in future versions of Excel.

For more information about the new function, see STDEV.S function.

Syntax
STDEV(number1,[number2],...)

The STDEV function syntax has the following arguments:

Number1 Required. The first number argument corresponding to a sample of a population.

Number2, ... Optional. Number arguments 2 to 255 corresponding to a sample of a population. You can also use a single array or a reference to an array instead of arguments separated by commas.

Remarks
STDEV assumes that its arguments are a sample of the population. If your data represents the entire population, then compute the standard deviation using STDEVP.

The standard deviation is calculated using the "n-1" method.

Arguments can either be numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain numbers.

Logical values and text representations of numbers that you type directly into the list of arguments are counted.

If an argument is an array or reference, only numbers in that array or reference are counted. Empty cells, logical values, text, or error values in the array or reference are ignored.

Arguments that are error values or text that cannot be translated into numbers cause errors.

If you want to include logical values and text representations of numbers in a reference as part of the calculation, use the STDEVA function.

STDEV uses the following formula:

Formula

where x is the sample mean AVERAGE(number1,number2,…) and n is the sample size.

Example
Copy the example data in the following table, and paste it in cell A1 of a new Excel worksheet. For formulas to show results, select them, press F2, and then press Enter. If you need to, you can adjust the column widths to see all the data.

Data

Strength

1345

1301

1368

1322

1310

1370

1318

1350

1303

1299

Formula

Description (Result)

Result

=STDEV(A3:A12)

Standard deviation of breaking strength (27.46392)

27.46392