KRISHI DARSHAN JAIVIK KHATARO NO UPAYOG ANE TENU MAHATVA T/C:-12/08/2022

JAIVIK KHATARNO UPAYOG ANE TENU MAHATWA LIVE T/C:-12/08/2022
At present times, there is a growing concern about environmental hazards and threats to sustainable agriculture. In view of the above stated facts, the long term use of bio-fertilizers proves to be economical, eco-friendly, more efficient, productive and accessible to marginal and small farmers over chemical fertilizers. The need for the use of biofertilizer thus arises primarily for two reasons. First, because increase in the use of fertilizers leads to increased crop productivity, second, because increased usage of chemical fertilizer leads to damage in soil texture and raises other environmental problems.
Classification of Bio fertilizers, Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Acytobactur, Azolla, Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSM), Potash mobilising bacteria, VAM Fugi, Silicate solubilizing bacteria (SSB), Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)
Methods of Application of Bio fertilizers
Seed Treatment: 200 g of bio fertilizer is suspended in 300- 400 mL of water and mixed gently with 10 kg of seeds using an adhesive like gum acacia, jiggery solution, etc. The seeds are then spread on a clean sheet/cloth under shade to dry and used immediately for sowing.
Seedling Root Dip: This method is used for transplanted crops. For rice crop, a bed is made in the field and filled with water. Recommended bio fertilizers are mixed in this water and the roots of seedlings are dipped for 8-10 h and transplanted.
Soil Treatment: 4 kg each of the recommended bio fertilizers is mixed in 200 kg of compost and kept overnight. This mixture is incorporated in the soil at the time of sowing or planting.
Advantages of Using Bio fertilizers
Some of the advantages associated with bio fertilizers include:- They are eco- friendly as well as cost effective, Their use leads to soil enrichment and the quality of the soil improves with time. , Though they do not show immediate results, but the results shown over time are spectacular., These fertilizers harness atmospheric nitrogen and make it directly available to the plants., They increase the phosphorous content of the soil by solubilising and releasing unavailable phosphorous. Bio fertilizers improve root proliferation due to the release of growth promoting hormones.
Microorganism converts complex nutrients into simple nutrients for the availability of the plants. Bio fertilizer contains microorganisms which promote the adequate supply of nutrients to the host plants and ensure their proper development of growth and regulation in their physiology. They help in increasing the crop yield by 10-25%. • Bio fertilizers can also protect plants from soil borne diseases to a certain degree.