MEDIAN NERVE ANATOMY - Origin, Course, Branches and Clinical anatomy

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MEDIAN NERVE GROSS ANATOMY DETAILED LECTURE

Median nerve

Innervation

Motor
superficial volar forearm group
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus

intermediate group
Flexor digitorum superficialis

deep group
Flexor digitorum profundus (lateral)
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus

hand
1st and 2nd lumbricals
Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis

Origin

Brachial plexus
C5-T1 roots
medial and lateral cords

Course

Anterior compartment of arm

anterior compartment (anteromedial to humerus)
runs with brachial artery (lateral in upper arm / medial at elbow)
no branches in the arm

Forearm

enters the forearm between the pronator teres and biceps tendon
travels between flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) and flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)
then emerges between the FDS and flexor pollicis longus (FPL)

Hand

the nerve then enters the hand via the carpal tunnel, along with the tendons of the FDS, FDP and FPL

Terminal branches

anterior interosseous branch (AIN)
innervates the deep volar compartment of forearm except the ulnar half of the FDP
palmar cutaneous branch
supplies sensory innervation to lateral palm
recurrent branch (to thenar compartment)
digital cutaneous branches
supply the radial 3 1/2 digits (palmar)
can also supply the index, long, and ring fingers dorsally

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