Скачать или смотреть The Secrets of Bacterial RNA Polymerase: Structure, Function, and Key Subunits Explained |Examtube|

YouTube Video Description
Welcome to our deep dive into the fascinating world of bacterial RNA polymerase! In this video, we're uncovering the intricate details of one of the most essential enzymes in biology, responsible for transcribing DNA into RNA.

Structure of E. coli RNA Polymerase:

E. coli RNA polymerase has a unique crab claw-like shape, with a cylindrical channel that binds 16 base pairs of DNA.
It covers a promoter region of about 60 base pairs, with 16 base pairs in the active site where transcription occurs.
The enzyme requires magnesium ions and has a transcription rate of approximately 40 nucleotides per second at 37°C.
RNA polymerase enzymes across different organisms share a crab claw-like structure with the active site located at the base of the largest subunits, which are essential for transcription.
Subunits of E. coli RNA Polymerase:

Beta' (B') Subunit:
Encoded by the rpoC gene, contains the active center for RNA synthesis, and interacts with DNA and RNA.
Binds two magnesium ions essential for catalysis and is inhibited by heparin in vitro.
Beta (B) Subunit:
Encoded by the rpoB gene, contains elements for interacting with DNA and RNA.
Targeted by antibiotics like Rifampicin and Streptolydigins that inhibit different stages of transcription.
Alpha Subunits:
Consist of N-terminal and C-terminal domains (CTD), with roles in enzyme assembly and interactions with promoter DNA and regulatory factors.
Can be modified by bacteriophage T4, affecting binding efficiency.
Omega Subunit:
Smallest subunit, crucial for the assembly and stability of the RNA polymerase complex.
Sigma Factor:
Associates with the core enzyme to form the holoenzyme, directing RNA polymerase to specific promoter regions for transcription initiation.
Detaches after initiation, allowing the core enzyme to elongate the RNA transcript.
Related Facts:

Bacterial and yeast RNA polymerases share similar structures and organization.
Antibiotics like Actinomycin D can block transcription in both E. coli and yeast due to their structural similarities.
Archaeal RNA polymerase is similar to both bacterial RNA polymerase and eukaryotic RNA polymerases, particularly eukaryotic RNA Polymerase II.
If you have any questions or topics you'd like us to cover, drop a comment below. Thanks for watching! See you in the next video!

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#RNA_polymerase
#E._coli_RNA_polymerase
#bacterial_transcription
#RNA_synthesis
#DNA_to_RNA
#gene_expression
#enzyme_structure
#subunits_of_RNA_polymerase
#beta_subunit
#sigma_factor
#transcription_initiation
#molecular_biology
#Rifampicin
#Streptolydigins
#heparin_inhibition
#archaeal_RNA_polymerase
#eukaryotic_RNA_polymerase
#Actinomycin_D
#promoter_binding
#RNA_polymerase_function
#magnesium_ions_in_transcription