Gramsci [Eng]

Antonio Gramsci was the founder of the Communist Party of Italy. His life long struggle was to create a Leninist party in Italy. For this he was sentenced to 20 years in prison by the fascists where he wrote over 30 notebooks that are today called the Prison Notebooks.

Gramsci undertook a class analysis of fascism, developed his critique of cultural hegemony, encouraged development of intellectuals from the working class, updated Marxism by analysing the European modern capitalist state (distinguishing between political and civil society), criticised absolute historicism and economism, and explained how economic and political institutions interact in a dialectical manner. He was one of the most fertile minds of the 20th century.