Скачать или смотреть Recursive Functions in JavaScript - #22

Recursive functions in JavaScript are functions that call themselves recursively until a specific condition is met. They are useful for solving problems that can be broken down into smaller, similar subproblems. Here's how they work:

Basic Structure:
A recursive function typically consists of two parts: the base case and the recursive case.
The base case defines when the recursion should stop, preventing infinite recursion.
The recursive case defines how the function calls itself with a modified input to make progress towards the base case.
Example:

A classic example of a recursive function is the factorial function, which calculates the factorial of a non-negative integer n.

JavaScript code:
function factorial(n) {
// Base case: if n is 0 or 1, return 1
if (n === 0 || n === 1) {
return 1;
}
// Recursive case: call factorial with n-1 and multiply by n
return n * factorial(n - 1);
}

console.log(factorial(5)); // Output: 120

Recursion Stack:
Each recursive call adds a new frame to the call stack, storing information about the function call.
Once the base case is reached, the stack starts to unwind, and each function call returns its result.
Indirect Recursion:

In some cases, recursive functions may call other functions that eventually call the original function again.
This is called indirect recursion and can still be used to solve certain problems.

Tail Recursion:
Tail recursion occurs when the recursive call is the last operation performed by the function.
Some programming languages optimize tail-recursive functions to avoid stack overflow errors, but JavaScript doesn't have built-in support for this optimization.
Caution:

Recursive functions can be less efficient than iterative solutions for some problems, especially if the recursion depth is large.
Care should be taken to ensure that recursive functions have a well-defined base case and terminate within a reasonable number of iterations.
Recursive functions offer an elegant solution to certain types of problems, especially those involving hierarchical or nested structures. However, they should be used judiciously, and alternatives like iteration or memorization should be considered for cases where efficiency is a concern.


Chapter :
00:00 What is Recursive Functions
00:27 Basic Structure
00:56 Example - factorial function
01:32 Recursive Stack
01:48 Indirect Recursion
02:04 Tail Recursion
02:22 Caution
02:41 Summery


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