The Case that led to Emergency- Indira Gandhi vs Shri Raj Narain Case 1975 | UPSC IAS by G Rajput

The Indira Gandhi vs Shri Raj Narain case is a landmark case in Indian constitutional history. In 1975, Indira Gandhi, who was then the Prime Minister of India, was challenged by her opponent Raj Narain in her parliamentary constituency of Rae Bareli for alleged electoral malpractices in the 1971 general elections.

The Allahabad High Court found Gandhi guilty of using government machinery for her election campaign and declared her election null and void. Gandhi appealed to the Supreme Court, which suspended her disqualification, allowing her to remain Prime Minister, but also imposed restrictions on her functioning as a parliamentarian.

However, Indira Gandhi declared a state of emergency in India on June 25, 1975, suspending fundamental rights and civil liberties, and the Supreme Court's decision was put on hold. The Emergency was lifted in 1977, and fresh elections were held. Gandhi's Congress party was defeated in a landslide defeat, and a new government was formed under the leadership of Morarji Desai.

The case is significant for establishing the principle that no one, not even the Prime Minister, is above the law and for upholding the independence of the judiciary. It also led to the strengthening of the Election Commission's role in ensuring free and fair elections in India.

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