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The two pence coin, commonly referred to as the "2p" coin, has been in circulation in the United Kingdom since 1971, following the decimalization of British currency. Decimalization was the process by which the pound was divided into 100 pence (instead of the pre-decimal system where the pound was divided into 240 pennies).
The coin's design has undergone multiple changes since its inception. The obverse (front) of the coin always features a portrait of Queen Elizabeth II. By 1996, the portrait of the Queen had gone through several versions. In 1996, the coin featured a portrait of the Queen designed by Raphael Maklouf, which was used from 1985 until 1997. This was replaced by a new portrait by Ian Rank-Broadley in 1998. The 1996 two pence coin is part of the set of circulating coins that were produced under the Maklouf design.
The reverse (back) of the 1996 two pence coin features the shield of the Royal Arms, which was introduced in 1982 as part of a new series of decimal coins. The Royal Arms shield design features a quartered shield, with symbols representing England, Scotland, and Ireland. The design was made by Norman Sillman.
In 1996, the British Royal Mint issued this coin in standard circulation, and it was produced in large quantities to meet the needs of the public, reflecting the ongoing demand for low-value currency during the period.
The two pence coin was minted by the Royal Mint, based in Llantrisant, Wales. The Royal Mint is responsible for the design, production, and distribution of coins for the United Kingdom, as well as for some other Commonwealth countries.
Coins from this era, including the 1996 two pence coin, circulated primarily in the United Kingdom and territories that still used British currency. These areas included England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland, and the coin would also have circulated in some British Overseas Territories that used the pound as their currency. However, it is not common to find the 1996 two pence coin in circulation outside of these areas, as many other countries have their own currencies.