Tejas MK1 vs Tejas MK1A : Why Indian Airforce needs Tejas MK1A before MK2?

More Indigenous & easy to maintain

These shortcomings are going to be addressed in Tejas Mark-1A which will have a total of 43 improvements over Tejas MK1. This includes the reduction of screws in several airframe panels that required daily servicing -to reduce the turn around time of the aircraft.

Indian AirForce wants airframe panels that can be replaced without taking too much time and these will be supplied to the Indian AirForce with quick release fasteners.

Many LRUs Line Replaceable Units will be re-positioned & new LRUs are to be included too, keeping in mind the maintainability easiness.

Tejas Mk1A will also have more indigenous component than MK1. The Tejas MK1 has 58% level of indigenization which will be increased to 65% in MK1A. The shortcomings, such as the increased weight and reduced speed would be addressed in the upcoming Tejas Mark 1A aircraft by increasing the use of composites in manufacturing and reducing the supersonic drag by using more aerodynamic pylons.

Improved Electronic Warfare capability

The upgraded Tejas Mark-1A aircraft will retain basic Mark-1 airframe while featuring a AESA Radar, DARE Unified Electronic Warfare Suite (UEWS), an externally mounted self protection jammer (SPJ) for enhanced survivability, instrument flight rules (IFR) capability, Onboard Oxygen Generation System (OBOGS ) by DEBEL for endurance and an expanded weapon suite consisting of Astra BVRAAM and ASRAAM. HAL will install in-house developed Combined Interrogator and Transponder (CIT) with digital map generator which is an upgrade from older identification friend or foe system. To better accommodate the pilots, cockpit floor is also reshaped.

The Uttam AESA radar will have a range of 180-200 km along with LPI (low probability to intercept). The radar will have integrated transponder which will be able to differentiate between friend and foe.

Network Centric Capabilities.

Considering the futuristic air combat, the Tejas Mk1A will have capabilities to communicate across various assets of the military on land and on air through BNet SDRs software defined radios. SDRs will provide Tejas with data coming through various channels which will be fused together to give the pilot all the information he/she needs to optimally perform the mission. Usually these channels are either UAVs or AWACS platforms in the air but can also be other fighter jets. This is an extraordinarily powerful leap in terms of technology.

Radar warning receiver RWR.

Another major improvement will be the incorporation of a multi-channel digital receiver based RWR which will be able to instantaneously track and identify the target aircraft. It will alert the pilot if a radar-homing missile is approaching or if the aircraft is under radar lock by the enemy. The RWR is integrated with the radar and the jammer. If an EM wave hits the aircraft, the RWR will give a warning to the pilot and the Self-protection Jammer will automatically get activated & try to jam the enemy’s radar.

Helmet mounted display system HMDS.

The HMDS in Mk1A will be fully operational in air to air and air to ground mode. The HMDS eliminates the use and need of the HUD Head up display.

Software & computing power.

The Tejas Mk1A will feature a revamped Digital Flight Control Computer (DFCC). While the current DFCC is based on the 386 series processor, the new DFCC will feature PowerPC based computing architecture, this dramatically improves computing performance. While the Mk1 required 24 physical connectors, the Mk1A version would be a press-fit mechanism drastically reducing maintenance overhead. The same will be used in the Mk2 version.

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