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SAP S4 HANA FICO CLASS 09 || SAP S4 HANA Fiscal year || SAP S4 HANA Finance and Controlling

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SAP S/4HANA, Fiscal Year means the financial year used for company accounting and reporting. All postings in SAP (FI & CO) are stored according to the fiscal year and periods.
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Types of Fiscal Year in SAP S/4HANA
1. Calendar Fiscal Year
• Starts: 01 January
• Ends: 31 December
• Periods: 12 periods + 4 special periods
• Example: Many companies use this.
2. Non-Calendar Fiscal Year (Shifted Fiscal Year)
• Starts and ends in different months.
• Example:
o 01 April to 31 March (India companies)
o 01 July to 30 June
• SAP automatically shifts the periods.
3. Year Dependent Fiscal Year
• Period dates change every year.
• Used rarely (for industries with changing calendars).
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Key Terms
🔹 Fiscal Year Variant (FYV)
Controls:
• Number of periods
• Start & end dates of periods
• Special periods
Common variants:
• K4 – Calendar year
• V3 – April–March (India)
• Y1 – Year dependent
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Configuration Path (IMG)
SPRO → SAP Reference IMG → Financial Accounting → Financial Accounting Global Settings → Fiscal Year → Maintain Fiscal Year Variant