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slamophobia in Poland is the fear, hatred of, or prejudice against the Islamic religion or Muslims in Poland. Since the Muslim community in Poland is small (0.1% of the population) the situation has been described as "Islamophobia without Muslims".[1][2] According to Monika Bobako, Islamophobia is one of the main elements of the Polish nationalist discourse.[3] Islamophobia in Poland takes the form of xenophobia and discrimination towards Muslims or those perceived as Muslim
Prior to World War II, the vast majority of Poland's Muslim population was Tatar, who had been present in Poland since the 14th century. However the boundary changes of the war left most of the Tatars outside of Poland, and this led the Polish Muslim community to be increasingly diverse.[6][7] According to a 2015 estimate, Muslims in Poland are estimated to number between 25,000 and 40,000 people or some 0.1% of the population,[1] and are composed of some 5,000 Lipka Tatars as well as more numerous recent immigrants.[8] During communist rule the censorship office barred unfavorable portrayals of Muslims due to Poland's geopolitical alignment with Arab countries during this period.[6] After World War 2, The Muslim Religious Association grew leading to the eventual migration of Muslim Arab students to Poland during the 1970s and 80s.[9] Today, most Muslim immigrants are arriving from Syria, Chechnya, Iraq, Tajikistan and Bangladesh.[9]

Immigration of Poles to the United Kingdom has led many migrants from the homogeneous Polish society to encounter a culturally diverse setting for the first time. This contact, coupled with continued contact with family members in Poland, has led to a transnational transfer of Islamophobia back into Poland.[10]

While Islamophobia existed previously in Poland, in connection to Polish casualties in the War on Terror and mosque construction in 2010 and 2012, the 2015 European migrant crisis made Islamophobia a central issue.[8] Many non-Muslim Poles associate Islam with violence and terrorism.[4] In conjunction, xenophobic attitudes increased in Poland including antisemitism and Islamophobia.[11][12] As of 2018 Poland exhibits one of the highest rates of Islamophobia in Europe

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