Side Effects of Some Important Drugs asked in Govt.Pharmacist exams

Side Effects of Some Important Drugs asked in Govt.Pharmacist exams#pharmacyexam

Some drugs are highlighted for their side effects due to their Clinical significance .
List of commonly tested drugs and some notable side effects associated with athem:-

1. Acetaminophen (Paracetamol).
Hepatotoxicity (in overdose)(liver damage)
2. Aspirin.
GIT Bleeding
Tinnitus (high dose)(It is the presence of noise or ringing in the ear)
Reye's Syndrome (in Children )( Swelling in the liver and brain)

3. Warfarin.
Bleeding
Teratogenicity (Birth drfrct or foetus defect)
Skin necrosis (Death of skin tissues)

4. Digoxin
Arrhythmias
Visual disturbance
GIT upset

5. Amiodarone
Pulmonary toxicity (Damage of the lungs)
Tyroid dysfunction
Corneal deposits(accumulation of the substance in cornea)

6. Statins(e.g Atorvastatin)
Myopathy (Muscle dysfunction)
Hepatotoxicity


7. ACE inhibitors (e.g Lisinopril)
Cough
Hyperkalemia (high level of potassium in blood)
Angioedema (Swelling of the deep layer of the skin)

8. Beta-blockers(e.g Propranolol)
Bradycardia ( Slower heart rate)
Bronchoconstriction
Fatigue (weakness)

9. Loop Diuretics (e.g Furosemide )
Hypokalemia
Ototoxicity (Damage of the inner ear cochlea)
Dehydration

10. Thiazide Diuretics (e.g Hydrochlorothiazide)
Hyperglycemia ( increase sugar level in blood)
Hypercalcemia
Hypokalemia

11. Metformin
Lactic acidosis (rare but serious) ( Excess lactic acid in blood, decrease Blood PH)
GIT upset

12. Opioid (e.g Morphine)
Respiratory depression
Constipation
Dependence

13. Benzodiazepines (e.g Diazepam)
Sedation
Dependence
Cognitive impairment ( memory affect)

14. Fluoroquinolone (e.g Ciprofloxacin)
Tendonitis and tendon rupture ( complete & partial tendon rupture)
QT Prolongation ( abnormal lengthing of QT interval in ECG)
CNS effect (e.g dizziness)

15. NSAIDs (e.g Ibuprofen)
GIT Ulceration
Renal impairment
Cardiovascular effect

16. Oral Contraceptive
Thromboembolism (obstruction of the blood vessel by blood clot)
Hypertension
Breast tenderness

17. Lithium
Nephrotoxicity ( kidney damage)
Hypothyroidism (Thyroid hormone release less)
Tremor (shaking of the different parts of the body)


18. Corticosteroid (e.g Prednisone)
Osteoporosis (decrease bone density & strength)
Hyperglycemia
Cushingold features (Physical & psychology changes due to high level of cortisole(corticosteroid).