Скачать или смотреть Serving Django Static Files with Nginx and Gunicorn on Kubernetes

Learn how to properly serve static files with Django using Nginx and Gunicorn on a Kubernetes deployment. Troubleshoot common 404 errors and implement effective solutions for sharing volumes between containers.
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/52230944/ asked by the user 'Nirali Supe' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/9070425/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/64662842/ provided by the user 'Hashem Zargari' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/11501949/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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Serving Django Static Files with Nginx and Gunicorn on Kubernetes

If you're deploying a Django application with Nginx and Gunicorn on Kubernetes, you may encounter an issue with serving static files properly. One common problem developers face is receiving a 404 error when attempting to access static assets. In this post, we will explore the setup you need to ensure that Django's static files are served correctly through Nginx while running in a Kubernetes environment.

The Problem: 404 Errors when Accessing Static Files

You have a well-defined configuration for your Django application using Docker, Nginx, and Gunicorn, but static files aren't loading correctly. This is a prevalent issue in cloud environments like Kubernetes due to the way Docker images and volumes are structured.

Your Nginx Configuration

Your nginx.conf file looks similar to this:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

In this setup, you redirect requests for static files to the /api/static location. However, when those static files are not found, a 404 error is thrown. This is often because Nginx and your Django application do not share access to the necessary files on the Kubernetes environment.

The Solution: Sharing Volumes Between Django and Nginx

To effectively resolve the issue of missing static files, you need to ensure that the Nginx container and the Django backend can access the same files. Here's how to achieve this:

1. Create a Shared Volume

In your Kubernetes configuration, define a persistent volume that can be accessed by both your Nginx and Django containers using ReadWriteMany.

2. Using collectstatic Command

You need to run the python manage.py collectstatic command to collect all your static files into the shared volume. This command combines all static files from your Django app into a single directory that can be served by Nginx.

Kubernetes Persistency Configuration

Your Kubernetes manifest might look like this:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

3. Configure your Deployment

Update your deployment to include the shared volume in both your Nginx and Django containers. Here’s an example of how the deployment configuration might look:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Troubleshooting Access Modes

If you face any restrictions with the persistent volume claim, your Kubernetes cluster must support ReadWriteMany access modes. Ensure that your cloud provider or local Kubernetes setup allows this configuration. This is crucial for effective volume sharing.

Conclusion

By leveraging a shared volume between your Django and Nginx containers, you can serve your static files seamlessly without encountering 404 errors. Remember to ensure that your persistent storage setup allows the necessary access modes, and you'll have a smooth deployment of your Django application on Kubernetes.

With the correct configuration, Nginx will serve the static files just as intended, and you can focus on building out the features of your application without worrying about serving assets.

Don't hesitate to reach out if you have any further questions or issues regarding this process!