Plutonic Structures: When Magma Cools Below Earth's Surface- Igneous Petrology #4 | GEO GIRL

Do you know the difference between volcanic textures and structures? What about the difference between volcanic and plutonic rocks? This video covers what plutonic igneous structures are, how they differ from volcanic igneous structures, how dikes and sills form, how lava domes form, how volcanic necks form, how dike swarms form, the difference between plutons, batholiths, and intrusions, the difference between intrusions and inclusions, the difference between plutonic and hypabyssal rocks, how inclusions form, and the difference between xenoliths and autoliths.

References: Essentials of Igneous Petrology by Ronald and Carol Frost: https://amzn.to/37Zs9AL
Earth Materials by Cornelis Klein and Anthony Philpotts: https://amzn.to/3z5sCxe

GEO GIRL Website: https://www.geogirlscience.com/ (visit my website to see all my courses, shop merch, learn more about me, and donate to support the channel if you'd like!)

0:00 Igneous structures vs. textures
0:29 Volcanic vs. plutonic structures
2:11 Lava domes (hypabyssal structures)
2:58 Volcanic necks / how volcanos form (hypabyssal structures)
4:31 Dikes and sills (hypabyssal structures)
5:19 Chilled margins (hypabyssal structures)
5:41 Dike swarms (hypabyssal structures)
6:05 Plutons, batholiths, & intrusions (plutonic structures)
7:44 Inclusions: xenoliths (plutonic structures)
9:34 Inclusions: autholiths (plutonic structures)
10:07 upcoming videos!
11:59 bloopers!

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Oxygen by D. Canfield: https://amzn.to/3gffbCL
Brief history of Earth by A. Knoll: https://amzn.to/3w3hC1I
Life on young planet by A. Knoll: https://amzn.to/2RBMpny
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Alien Oceans by K. Hand: https://amzn.to/3clMx1l
Life's Engines: https://amzn.to/3w1Nhke

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Image sources:
https://i.pinimg.com/originals/99/32/...
https://media.12news.com/assets/GANNE...
http://cbsnews1.cbsistatic.com/hub/i/...
https://images.fineartamerica.com/ima...
https://i.pinimg.com/736x/8e/dd/6d/8e...
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi...
https://live.staticflickr.com/2189/21...
http://www.mshslc.org/wp-content/uplo...
https://www.universetoday.com/wp-cont...
https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-M22w2j6Jbs...
https://images.fineartamerica.com/ima...
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-yEoUgK7WDL...
https://farm5.staticflickr.com/4079/4...
https://blogs.agu.org/mountainbeltway...
https://www.alexstrekeisen.it/immagin...
https://www.researchgate.net/publicat...
https://blogs.agu.org/mountainbeltway...

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