Organic Analogy by Herbert Spencer | Theory of social organisms by Spencer || Sociological Theories

Описание к видео Organic Analogy by Herbert Spencer | Theory of social organisms by Spencer || Sociological Theories

Organic Analogy by Herbert Spencer | Theory of social organisms by Spencer || Sociological Theories


Social Evolution by Herbert Spencer
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Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) developed the body analogy (also known as the organic analogy) to describe how society works. The various parts are interrelated and also interdependent and are comprised of different institutions such as the education system, religion and the family.

Spencer took the theory of evolution one step beyond biology and applied it to say that societies were organisms that progress through changes similar to that of a living species. It was Spencer's philosophy that societies (like organisms) would begin simple and then progress to a more complex form.

According to Spencer the similarities between society and organism are as follows:
1-visible growth
2-interdependence
3-specialization of task
4-Harmony and many more (discussed in this video)

According to Spencer the differences between society and organism are as follows:

(1) In an organism the parts are fixed and bound together in close contact, while in a society the parts are separated and dispersed.

(2) In an organism consciousness is concentrated in one small part, i.e. brain, whereas in society, it is diffused throughout the aggregate. All the members in a society have the capacity for happiness and misery.

(3) In an organism, the parts function for the good of the whole, while a society exists for the good of its members.

(4) Unlike organisms, societies have no specific form, such as a physical body with limbs or a face.

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