《秦．兵馬俑》幻想曲 “The Terra Cotta Warriors” Fantasia｜彭修文 曲｜指揮/劉江濱

《秦．兵馬俑》幻想曲
作曲｜彭修文
指揮｜劉江濱
場次｜名家名曲 — 2022竹塹國樂節
日期｜2022.07.31
地點｜新竹市文化局演藝廳

1974 年秦陵出土之兵馬俑群，震驚中外。從公元前 230 年至 221 年僅 10 年時間，秦皇嬴政滅韓、趙、魏、楚、燕、齊六國。秦始皇統一天下，開中國之始；然秦王朝暴政專橫，人民不堪忍受，終於在 13 年內覆滅了。這首樂曲並非寫兵馬俑，而是寫秦代士兵長年行役，離別故土之苦和他們的妻兒父母盼望親人歸家之情，所以標題為幻想曲。全曲共分三段：

I. 軍整肅，封禪遨遊幾時休
音樂開始很弱，描寫在拂曉時候，從遠處傳來軍隊的行進聲和隱約的號角聲，由遠至近，接著引出了古代軍隊行進的主題。而此段音樂的第二主題則是描寫士兵抑鬱的心情。樂曲的後段是在金鼓齊鳴中，描寫顯赫威武的皇帝車駕儀仗出現，最後是在密鑼緊鼓中鳴金收兵，安營紮寨的情景。

II. 春閨夢，征人思婦相思苦
安靜的夜晚，不時傳來巡營的梆子聲。在寂靜中隱約聽到士兵哭泣的歌聲，這種思家的鄉音，引起了其他士兵思鄉之情；跟著歌聲合唱起來，慢慢引人入夢。音樂中同樣的梆子聲，是描寫家中妻子為丈夫洗棉衣的搗衣聲。這時古箏奏出一段婉轉動人的音調，正當回憶與親人傾訴之際，一聲鑼鳴，驚破了相思夢。

III. 大纛懸，關山萬裏共雪寒
這是第一段音樂中的主題再現，但在情緒、環境上都有了變化，軍隊還在行進，皇帝的儀仗依舊，但是刮起了陣陣寒風，陰雲迷漫，天空飄起了雪花。此時，音樂氣氛變得更加嚴峻，行軍的主題成了悲壯的號角，最後全曲在強烈的情緒中結束。

00:00 進場 Entry
00:26 I. 軍整肅，封禪遨遊幾時休 Discipline is Strict in the Army: When Will the Emperor Get Tired of Traveling and Offering
07:35 II. 春閨夢，征人思婦相思苦 Spring Dreams: Soldiers Missing Their Wives
17:09 III. 大纛懸，關山萬裏共雪寒 A Ten Thousand Mile March across Snowy Mountains
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“The Terra Cotta Warriors” Fantasia
Composer｜Peng Xiu-Wen
Conductor｜Liu Chiang-Pin
Concert｜Virtuosos and Classics — 2022 Hsinchu Chinese Music Festival
Date｜2022.07.31
Venue｜Hsinchu Performing Arts Center, Taiwan

The excavation of the tomb of the First Emperor of Qin and the terra cotta warriors roused the world to attention. In the history of China, the First Emperor, in the span of ten years, between 230 and 221 BC, conquered the six dukedoms of Han, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan and Qi to form a unified China. However, the people were unable to bear his tyrannical rule and the Qin dynasty lasted only 13 years. This is not a piece about the terra cotta warriors, despite its title. It is meant to depict Qin soldiers who suffered immensely from the fact that they were on combat assignments year after year. They were always away from their homeland, and they missed parents, wives and children who longed for their return. Hence the “Fantasia” form. The work is in three movements:

I. Discipline is Strict in the Army: When Will the Emperor Get Tired of Traveling and Offering Sacrifices on Various Sacred Mountains?
The music begins quietly to describe the army in progress at dawn. Military horns are vaguely heard. The sound is heard from afar but is getting nearer and nearer, bringing out the theme of an ancient army advancing. The second theme in this movement is an expression of the soldiers' distress. The movement ends with a fanfare on both the wind instruments and the drums which signify the appearance of the Emperor and his entourage. Then the gongs and cymbals are sounded to stop the advance and to indicate that tents are to be pitched.

II. Spring Dreams: Soldiers Missing Their Wives
In the second movement, the music begins with depiction of the quiet of the night and the sound of wood blocks, which represents guards doing their rounds. In this quiet the weeping songs of soldiers are heard. It is the sound of men missing their homeland and very soon other soldiers are affected and induced to song. This brings up a chorus which gradually leads the men to a dream. The wood blocks are also meant to represent wives pounding garments when they are doing the laundry for their husbands. Here a haunting melody is heard on the zheng but, as the soldiers dream about being together with their families, the sound of a gong rudely breaks their dreams.

III. A Ten Thousand Mile March across Snowy Mountains
This features a reappearance of the theme of the first movement. The mood and the configuration of instruments, however, are all changed. The army is still in progress and the Emperor’s procession is as before. But a cold wind has risen and the sky becomes dark and cloudy. Snow begins to fall. At this time the music becomes somber and the military theme now appears in the tragically heroic horns. The whole work ends in heightened emotions.

Translation Source: Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra

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