Human Brain vs. Artificial Intelligence: Reality and Prospects

The idea of creating machines that can think and act like humans is smoothly transforming from fiction to reality. Humanoid robots, digital humans, ChatGPT, and unmanned cars - today there are many applications driven by artificial intelligence that surpass humans in speed, accuracy, efficiency and tirelessness. But only in narrow areas so far.
And yet, this gives us hope to see a real miracle in the near future - artificial intelligence equal or superior to human intelligence in all parameters!
Can AI compare with us? Surpass us? Replace us? Deceive us and pursue its own goals? Today we will tell you how a miracle of nature such as the human brain differs from the main technology of the 21st century - artificial intelligence, and what prospects we have with AI in the future!

The journey of artificial intelligence (AI) is a captivating saga, dating back to 1956 when John McCarthy coined the term at a Dartmouth conference. Through the ensuing decades, AI witnessed three significant booms. Between the 1950s-70s, pioneers introduced groundbreaking neural perception networks and chat software. Though they foresaw AI surpassing human capabilities in a decade, this dream remained unfulfilled. By the 1980s, the second wave took shape, propelled by new machine learning techniques and neural networks, which promised innovations like speech recognition. Yet, many of these promises fell short.

But the tide turned in 2006. Deep learning emerged, and by 2016, AI systems like AlphaGo were defeating world champions. The third boom began, reinforced by large language models like ChatGPT, igniting discussions about amalgamating AI with humanoid robots. Discover more about this fascinating trend in our linked issue.

Our progress in cognitive psychology, neuroscience, quantum physics, and brain research has heavily influenced AI's trajectory. Especially significant is our understanding of the human brain, pushing the boundaries of neural network development. Can AI truly emulate human cognition?

To understand this, we must comprehend neural networks, computer algorithms mimicking human brain functions. These virtual networks comprise "neurons" arranged in "layers", transmitting data similarly to our brain's neurons. However, while these digital neurons operate in binaries (zero or one), our brain functions far more intricately.

Though earlier neural networks were dwarfed by our brain's 100 billion neurons, ChatGPT-4's potential trillion parameters are closing this gap. Yet, our brain remains incredibly energy-efficient, far surpassing modern supercomputers. Our brain's parallel information processing, devoid of rigid layer structuring, also sets it apart from AIs.

But AI's capabilities cannot be understated. It's demonstrated swift and surprising adaptability, from forming tower-like structures to optimize movement to outpacing natural evolution. Yet, it operates differently from us, categorizing patterns rather than constructing world models. While AI emulates human logic, its essence remains distinctly non-human.

The future beckons with AI's potential to transcend human intelligence in certain areas. It can self-innovate, design processors, and redefine technological advancements, all without human vices. However, establishing AI security standards remains crucial, as blind reliance could compromise our critical thinking.

AI occasionally falters, devising solutions misaligned with human intentions, like a tic-tac-toe playing algorithm causing its competitor's system to crash. Yet, these hiccups also underline AI's ability to think outside the box.

Consequently, while future AIs may not mirror human intelligence, they could supplement our cognitive limitations, ensuring that while they construct our future, we still control it.

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