Скачать или смотреть Inside Digital Identity

The announcement arrived with lawyerly precision and the cool weight of a new coin. On a late September morning, the prime minister stood in London and said that Britain would move to a universal digital identity. A credential in a pocket that is not quite a card, a key that lives in a phone, a promise that the right to work and to rent and to receive services would be bound to a single, verifiable self. Old fears stirred immediately, because the country remembers the last time Whitehall tried to number the nation. That earlier project was born under Tony Blair and buried by the coalition with an Act of Parliament that not only repealed the scheme but ordered the bonfire of the national register itself. The ashes still glow in the memory of civil libertarians.

Behind the speeches, the technology is not a single machine but a choreography. A digital identity begins with proofing, the quiet ritual of answering the state’s oldest question: who are you. In mature systems, the rules are codified in standards such as the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology’s digital identity guidelines, which separate identity proofing from authentication and federation, like three interlocking cogs that must each bear their own weight. The proofing phase assigns levels of confidence in the real world identity; authentication later proves it is you each time; federation assures a relying service that these proofs can travel safely across domains.