Скачать или смотреть Theoretical Perspectives to Psychological Disorders

The video discusses various theoretical perspectives on psychological disorders, emphasizing that psychology often has multiple explanations for a single phenomenon (0:50). A viewpoint provides a framework for organizing data and proposing treatments (1:08).

Here are the key theoretical perspectives covered:

Biological Perspective (3:00): This is the earliest perspective, viewing abnormal behavior as a result of brain dysfunction, pathology, problems in the central nervous system, autonomic nervous system, endocrine system, and biochemical imbalances (3:00-3:26). It gained impetus from the discovery that general paresis, a mental disorder, was linked to syphilis of the brain (3:42-4:02). Major biological causes include neurotransmitter/hormonal imbalances, genetic vulnerabilities, temperamental differences, and brain plasticity (4:06-4:33).
Behavioral Perspective (9:04): Arising as a criticism of Freud's psychodynamic theories, this perspective focuses on observable behavior and how adaptive or maladaptive behaviors are learned through processes like classical conditioning (10:16), instrumental conditioning (11:39), and observational learning (12:55). Behavioral therapy aims to change specific behaviors through reinforcement or exposure (15:37-16:21).
Cognitive Perspective (17:26): Emerging in the 1950s as a reaction to behaviorism, this perspective emphasizes the role of thinking, reasoning, and problem-solving. Key concepts include Albert Bandura's theory of self-efficacy (18:15) and Aaron Beck's ideas on schemas (20:07) and attributional style (23:18). Cognitive therapists aim to help individuals change maladaptive thought patterns (22:35-22:52).
Humanistic Perspective (25:44): This perspective views human nature as inherently good, capable of self-direction, growth, and self-actualization (25:52-26:18). Abraham Maslow's concept of self-actualization (26:33) and Carl Rogers' emphasis on the self and the gap between the "real self" and "ideal self" (27:26) are central to this viewpoint. It encourages individuals to remove obstacles to personal growth (28:05-28:12).
The video concludes by stating that all these perspectives are valuable, and an amalgamation or unification of them provides a comprehensive understanding of mental disorders (28:44-28:59).

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Subject: Psychology
Course Name: BA Psychology
Name of Presenter: Georgitta
Affiliation / Institute: Andhra University, Vishakapatnam

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