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Components of Food
Chapter 2 Science Class 6th
By Neena Madam
We often take variety of Foods in Our Diet
Our meals usually have at least one item made of some kind of grain.
Other items could be a dal or a dish of meat and vegetables.
It may also include items like curd, butter milk and pickles
Nutrients and their kinds
We know that each dish is usually made up of one or more ingredients, which we get from plants or animals.
These ingredients contain some components that are needed by our body.
These components are called nutrients.
Carbohydrates, Fats & Proteins,,
Test of Starch in Food
Vitamins
Vitamins help in protecting our body against diseases.
Vitamins also help in keeping our eyes, bones, teeth and gums healthy.
Minerals & Dietary Fibres
Balanced Diet
The food we normally eat in a day is our diet.
For growth and maintenance of good health, our diet should have all the nutrients that our body needs, in right quantities.
Not too much of one and not too little of the other. The diet should also contain a good amount of roughage and water.
Such a diet is called a balanced diet.
Deficiency Disease
A person may be getting enough food to eat, but sometimes the food may not contain a particular nutrient.
If this continues over a long period of time, the person may suffer from its deficiency.
Deficiency of one or more nutrients can cause diseases or disorders in our body.
Diseases that occur due to lack of nutrients over a long period are called deficiency diseases.
Common Deficiency Problems
If a person does not get enough proteins in his/her food for a long time, he/she is likely to have stunted growth, swelling of face, discoloration of hair, skin diseases and diarrhoea.
If the diet is deficient in both carbohydrates and proteins for a long period of time, the growth may stop completely. Such a person becomes very lean and thin and so weak that he/she may not even be able to move.
Deficiency of different vitamins and minerals may also result in certain diseases or disorders.

Deficiency Disease caused by deficiency of vitamins and minerals
Excess of Nutrients also cause Problems
Obesity (मोटापा)
It can be very harmful for us to eat too much of fat rich foods and we may end up suffering from a condition called obesity.

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