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Salem County comprises 349.75 square miles and is located in the southwestern part of the state. Its name, derived from the Hebrew word “Shalom,” meaning “peace,” Salem County is the site of the first permanent English speaking settlement on the Delaware River in 1675. The first European arrivals, however, were Dutch traders followed by Swedes and Finns in 1638 who established “New Sweden,” of which Salem County was a part. An attempt at English settlement followed in the 1640s, but failed after a few years. From the outset, relations between the county’s native peoples, the Lenni Lenape, and the Europeans were generally peaceful, so that when English Quaker John Fenwick arrived in 1675, he and his fellow colonists would build upon these relatively peaceful precedents. Local tradition maintains that Fenwick treatied with the Lenni Lenape beneath the “Salem Oak,” still a revered landmark in Salem City.

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