सामूहिक सुरक्षा | Lecture - 51 | PS&IR Optional Series | UPSC | IAS | Sanjay Sir

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सामूहिक सुरक्षा | Lecture - 51 | PS&IR Optional Series | UPSC | IAS | Sanjay Sir
Collective Security system guarantees the security of each state of the world against any war or aggression which may be committed by any state against any other state. It is like an insurance system in which all the nations are bound to protect the victim of an aggression or war by neutralizing the aggression or war against the victim.

Collective Security is currently regarded as the most promising approach to international peace. It is regarded as a valuable device of crisis management in international relations. It is designed to protect international peace and security against war and aggression in any part of the world.

UN Charter includes a system of collective security which is designed to meet an international crisis resulting from war or aggression or a threat of war or aggression in any part of the international system. Balance of Power has lost its relevance as a device of power management and Collective Security has gained recognition as a modern device of power management which can enable the international community to meet a crisis situations.

What is Collectivity Security?
Collective Security is a device of crisis management which postulates a commitment on the part of all the nations to collectively meet an aggression that may be committed by any state against another. War or aggression is viewed as a breach of international peace and security and collective security stands for collective action by all the nations in defence of peace. Collective security stands for meeting any war or aggression by the creation of a global preponderance of power of all nations against the aggression.

Collective Security is also regarded as a deterrent against aggression in so far as it lays down that the collective power of all nations will be used to repel aggression or war against any state. It is based on the principle, ‘Aggression against any one member of the international community is an aggression against international peace and security. As such it has to be met by the collective efforts of all the nations’

Definition of Collective Security:
(1) “Collective Security is machinery for joint action in order to prevent or counter any attack against an established international order.” —George Schwarzenberger

(2) “Collective Security clearly implies collective measures for dealing with threats to peace.” —Palmer and Perkins

(3) “In essence, Collective Security is an arrangement among states in which all promise, in the event any member of the system engages in certain prohibited acts (war and aggression) against another member, to come to latter’s assistance.” —Schleicher

In simple words, Collective Security system guarantees the security of each state of the world against any war or aggression which may be committed by any state against any other state. It is like an insurance system in which all the nations are bound to protect the victim of an aggression or war by neutralizing the aggression or war against the victim.

Nature of Collective Security:
Collective Security stands for preserving security through collective actions. Its two key elements are:

(1) Security is the chief goal of all the nations. Presently the security of each nation stands inseparably linked up with the security of all other nations. National security is a part of the international security. Any attack on the security of a nation is in fact an attack on the security of all the nations. Hence, it is the responsibility of all the nations to defend the security of the victim nation.

(2) The term ‘collective’, as a part of the concept of collective security, refers to the method by which security is to be defended in the event of any war or aggression against the security of any nation. The power of the aggressor has to be met with by the collective power of all the nations. All the nations are required to create an international preponderance of power for negating the aggression or for ending a war.

The underlying principle of Collective Security has been ‘One for All and All for One’. Aggression or war against any one nation is a war against all the nations. Therefore all the nations are to act collectively against every War/Aggression.


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