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Link-State Advertisement (LSA) – Packets used by OSPF routers to share routing and topology information.

Router ID (RID) – A unique 32-bit identifier for each OSPF router, often based on the highest IP address.

Area – A logical grouping of OSPF networks that helps optimize and scale routing.

Backbone Area (Area 0) – The core OSPF area that connects all other areas; mandatory in an OSPF network.

Adjacency – A relationship formed between OSPF routers that exchange routing information.

Hello Packet – Special OSPF packets used to establish and maintain neighbor relationships.

Designated Router (DR) – The router elected on multi-access networks (like Ethernet) to reduce LSA flooding.

Cost – The metric OSPF uses to determine the best path, typically based on bandwidth.

Dijkstra’s Algorithm – The shortest path first algorithm used by OSPF to compute routes.

Neighbor Table – A database that stores information about OSPF router neighbors.