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Atal Bihari Vajpayee was one of the most iconic and influential politicians in Indian history. He was the first Prime Minister of India from the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), and his leadership helped to transform the party from a fringe group into a major political force.

Vajpayee was born in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, in 1924. He joined the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a Hindu nationalist organization, at a young age and became involved in politics during the Indian independence movement. After independence, Vajpayee served as a minister in the government of Madhya Pradesh and later as the Minister of External Affairs in the government of Morarji Desai.

In 1980, Vajpayee became the president of the BJP, which had just been formed by former members of the RSS. Under Vajpayee's leadership, the BJP grew in popularity and influence. The party benefited from the Ram Janmabhoomi movement, which sought to build a Hindu temple at the site of a disputed mosque in Ayodhya. The movement galvanized Hindu support for the BJP, and the party won a record number of seats in the 1989 Lok Sabha elections.

In 1998, Vajpayee led the BJP to victory in the Lok Sabha elections and became the Prime Minister of India. He formed a coalition government with several other parties, known as the National Democratic Alliance (NDA). Vajpayee's government carried out a number of important initiatives, including the Pokhran-II nuclear tests, the launch of the National Highways Development Project, and the introduction of the Gram Swaraj Yojana.

Vajpayee was also a strong advocate for peace and regional cooperation. He made several visits to Pakistan and other neighboring countries in an effort to improve relations. In 1999, he signed the Lahore Declaration with Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, which committed both countries to peace and dialogue.

Vajpayee's government fell in 1999 after a coalition partner withdrew its support. However, the BJP won the subsequent Lok Sabha elections and Vajpayee became Prime Minister again. He served a full five-year term, during which time he oversaw India's economic growth and continued to promote regional cooperation.

Vajpayee retired from politics in 2004. He died in 2018 at the age of 93. He is remembered as one of India's greatest leaders and a statesman who helped to shape the country's modern history.