Скачать или смотреть Creating IDW interpolation in QGIS

Creating an interpolation using Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) in QGIS involves using the Interpolate tool available in the Processing Toolbox. Here's a step-by-step guide:
1- Prepare Your Data
Load Your Data:
Ensure your input data is in a point layer format (e.g., shapefile or CSV). The data should have X, Y coordinates and a numerical attribute to interpolate (e.g., temperature, elevation).
Open Your Data in QGIS:
Drag and drop your dataset into the QGIS workspace or use the Layer menu, then choose Add Layer, then Add Vector Layer.
Step 2: Access the IDW Tool
Open the Processing Toolbox:
Go to the menu bar, then select Processing, then Toolbox.
Search for "IDW":
Type "IDW" in the search bar of the Processing Toolbox.
Select "Interpolation (IDW)" under the Interpolation tools.
Step 3: Configure the IDW Tool
In the IDW Dialog:

Input Layer: Choose your point layer.
Interpolation Attribute: Select the attribute field containing the values to interpolate.
Extent: Set the extent for the output layer. You can use the layer extent of your dataset or specify a custom one.
Pixel Size: Define the resolution of the output raster. A smaller value will increase detail but also processing time.
Power: Adjust the power parameter, which determines how much influence distant points have (default is 2).
Output Layer: Set the location and name of the resulting raster.
Then, click Run to start the process.

Step 4: View and Style the Result
The output will be added as a raster layer in QGIS.
To enhance visualization:
Right-click the raster layer, then choose Properties, then Symbology.
Choose a suitable color ramp and adjust the classification method.
Additional Tips
Adjust Power Parameter: Experiment with the power parameter to control the interpolation smoothness.
Clip the Result: Use the Clip Raster by Mask Layer tool to limit the interpolation to a specific area.
Validate Results: Cross-check with known data points for accuracy.