Hinayana and Mahayana School of Buddhism: Classical Indian Philosophy (Philosophy)

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Introduction: In course of time, as the followers of Buddhism increased in number, they were divided into different schools.
The ethical religious movement called Buddhism gave birth to about thirty schools, not counting the minor ones.
The most important division of Buddhism on religious principles was the two schools, namely, Hinayana and Mahayana.
Hinayana flourished in the South and it has a stronghold presence in Ceylon, Burma and Siam.
Their literature is vast and is written in the Pali dialect.
It is claimed to be more orthodox and faithful towards the teachings of Buddha.
On the other hand, Mahayana flourished mostly in the North and has a stronghold presence in Tibet, China and Japan.
Their vast literature is written in the Tibetan, Chinese and Sanskrit dialect.
In comparison with Hinayana, Mahayana is less orthodox and rigid in nature.
It is considered to be more progressive, and self-less .
Hinayana school of Buddhism: Hinayana as the name suggests, hina means small and yana means vehicle, so, it means the small vehicle.
It shares the same ideology of Jainism on the concept of God. Like Jainism, Hinayana does not believe in God. Instead, Karma takes the place of God.
Relying on the words of Buddha, Hinayana accepts that, “Be a light unto thyself.”
As a result, Hinayana emphasises on the concept of Nirvana or liberation for and by the individual self itself.
The goal of Hinayana school is the state of Arhat-hood or the state of the ideal state who obtains personal Nirvana- the extinction of all misery and suffering.
Hence, the idea of liberation or Nirvana in Hinayana is said to be negative in nature and also egoistic.
Mahayana school of Buddhism: The Mahayana school of Buddhism, as the name suggests is called maha or big and yana or vehicle, the Great Vehicle or the Big Ship.
According to the literature, it is called a big ship because it can accommodate a large number of people and can safely take them to the shore (Nirvana) from the troubled waters of the ocean (life which is full of misery and suffering).
The idea of liberation in Mahayana is not negative and egoistic in nature like Hinayana.
Mahayana believes that Nirvana is not a negative cessation of misery, rather, it is a positive state of bliss.
Its ideal saint is Bodhisattva.
Bodhisattva is the one which defers his own Nirvana or salvation in-order to help or provide aid to all the other still suffering in samsara.
So, Bodhisattva works for the salvation of others.
Introduction @0:08
Hinayana School of Buddhism @1:14
School of Hinayana Buddhism @2:12
In short, the following Points are most important to Remember in Reference to Hinayana School of Buddhism @2:45
Mahayana School of Buddhism @3:42
Schools of Mahayana Buddhism @5:27
The Two most Important Schools of Mahayana Buddhism are @5:25
In short, the following Points are most important to Remember in Reference to Mahayana School of Buddhism @5:34
Questions @6:27

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#hinayana
#mahayana
#bodhisattva
#arhat
#nirvana
#karma

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0:00 Introduction
0:09 Introduction
1:15 Hinayana School of Buddhism
2:12 Schools of Hinayana Buddhism
5:25 Schools of Mahayana Buddhism
6:28 Questions #ugcnet #doorsteptutor #examrace