Скачать или смотреть Nucleophilic Addition Reactions of Aldehydes & Ketones | F.Sc | MDCAT | JEE | NEET I Wajid Ali

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Nucleophilic Addition Reactions of Aldehydes & Ketones | F.Sc | MDCAT | JEE | NEET I Wajid Ali

In this lecture, we explain Base-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Addition Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones, focusing on detailed mechanisms, step-by-step electron movement, and examples important for Board Exams, NEET, JEE, and MDCAT.

✅ Topics Covered:
1️⃣ Addition of HCN (Hydrocyanic Acid):
 • Formation of cyanohydrin (–CN group addition)
 • Reaction mechanism with NaCN/H⁺ catalyst
 • Conversion of aldehydes/ketones into α-hydroxy nitriles
 • Hydrolysis of cyanohydrin → α-hydroxy carboxylic acids

2️⃣ Addition of Sodium Bisulphite (NaHSO₃):
 • Formation of white crystalline bisulphite adducts
 • Mechanism of addition to the carbonyl group
 • Regeneration of aldehydes and ketones
 • Application: Separation & purification of carbonyl compounds

📘 Mechanism Details:

Stepwise reaction with base catalysis

Polarization of the carbonyl bond (δ⁺ on carbon, δ⁻ on oxygen)

Attack by nucleophile → formation of tetrahedral intermediate → adduct formation

💡 Key Concepts:
✔ Nucleophilic addition reactions explained with curved-arrow mechanism
✔ Acid vs Base catalyzed differences
✔ Conversion of aldehydes and ketones into functional derivatives
✔ Industrial and laboratory importance

✨ Learning Outcomes:

Understand why carbonyl carbon is electrophilic

Learn how bases enhance nucleophilic attack

Master reaction pathways for HCN & NaHSO₃ additions

Strengthen preparation for Class 12 Board Exams, NEET, JEE, and MDCAT

CBSE, CISCE (ISC), NIOS
IB, IGCSE
• Board of Intermediate Education, Andhra Pradesh
• Assam Higher Secondary Education Council
• Bihar School Examination Board
• Chhattisgarh Board of Secondary Education
• Goa Board of Secondary & Higher Secondary Education
• Gujarat Secondary & Higher Secondary Education Board
• Haryana Board of School Education
• Himachal Pradesh Board of School Education
• Jammu & Kashmir State Board of School Education
• Jharkhand Academic Council
• KSEAB
• Kerala Board of Higher Secondary Education
• Maharashtra State Board of Secondary & Higher Secondary Education
• Madhya Pradesh Board of Secondary Education
• Council of Higher Secondary Education, Manipur
• Meghalaya Board of School Education
• Mizoram Board of School Education
• Nagaland Board of School Education
• Council of Higher Secondary Education, Odisha
• Punjab School Education Board
• Board of Secondary Education, Rajasthan
• Tamil Nadu State Board (Board of Higher Secondary Examinations)
• Tripura Board of Secondary Education
• Uttar Pradesh State Board of High School & Intermediate Education
• Uttarakhand Board of School Education
• West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education
• Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Barisal
• Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Chattogram (Chittagong)
• Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Cumilla
• Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Dhaka
• Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Dinajpur
• Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Jashore (Jessore)
• Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Mymensingh
• Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Rajshahi

CBSE, JEE, NEET prep
CBSE, NCERT, JEE, NEET

Similar to top online learning platforms like Vedantu, Unacademy & PhysicsWallah, this lecture will help Class 12 students prepare effectively for CBSE, JEE, and NEET.”

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