What Happened to Mizrachi Jews of Arab Countries? | The Jewish Story | Unpacked

In the second century CE, the Romans exiled the Jews of Judea and created a far flung diaspora which saw many Jews make their way to Europe, Asia and North Africa. Those who ended up in the East in countries like Iraq, Iran, and Syria and in North African countries like Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia would later become known as Mizrahi Jews.

Mizrahi Jews often prospered under Muslim rule in these countries, however by the twentieth century, as Nazi ideology spread to the Middle East, they found themselves facing violent attacks from their once peaceful neighbors.

By the mid-twentieth century, Mizrahi Jews were in desperate need of a safe haven. From 1948 to 1972, nearly 600,000 immigrated to Israel alongside other Jewish refugees from around the world. Though they faced a difficult transition and discrimination in their new home, Israel today is known for its richly-integrated Mizrahi culture.

Chapters
00:00 Intro
00:53 Roman Exile and Jewish Diaspora
01:05 Who are Mizrahi Jews?
01:45 Violence against Iraqi Jews: The Farhud
01:58 Violence against North African Jews
02:08 Aftermath of the Holocaust
02:28 Arab threats of violence against Mizrahi Jews
02:48 Mizrahi Jews seek refuge in Israel
03:37 Mizrahi culture in Israel
04:08 Discrimination and maabarot
04:46 The Black Panthers
05:01 Mizrahi culture becomes mainstream
06:25 Outro

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Co-Executive Producers:
- Melinda Goldrich
- Shmuel Katz

Gold Level:
- Goldrich Family Foundation
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Image and footage credits:
Israel GPO-Teddy Brauner
Boris Carmi / Meitar Collection / National Library of Israel / The Pritzker Family National Photography Collection
Israel GPO-Fritz Cohen
Israel GPO-David Eldan
Israel GPO-Amos ben Gershom
Israel GPO-Seymour Katcoff
Israel GPO-Zoltan Kluger
Israel GPO-Moshe Milner
Israel GPO-Mark Neyman
Israel GPO-Avi Ohayon
Israel GPO-Hans Pinn
Israel GPO-Yaakov Saar
Maurice Mamane
Nadav Mann, BITMUNA. From the collection of Israeli Benzion. Collection source: Aharon Israeli. The Pritzker Family National Photography Collection, The National Library of Israel.
Meaghan O’Malley
Benno Rothenberg / Meitar Collection / National Library of Israel / The Pritzker Family National Photography Collection
USHMM
VINnews
Yad VaShem

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About The Jewish Story: Understand three thousand years of Jewish history in these short videos based on the book Letters to Auntie Fori: The 5,000-Year History of the Jewish People and Their Faith by the renowned historian Sir Martin Gilbert. Learn the Jewish story from the ancient Israelites of the Bible to Hellenization, the Jews of the Middle Ages to modern day, and more.

About Unpacked: We provide nuanced insights by unpacking all things Jewish. People are complex and complicated — yet we’re constantly being pushed to oversimplify our world. At Unpacked we know that being complex makes us more interesting. Because of this, we break the world down with nuance and insight to drive your curiosity and challenge your thinking.

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