Muscle tissue and its Types: Smooth Cardiac and Skeletal Muscles in detail

Welcome to my youtube channel power of knowledge academy. In this video you will learn about Muscle tissues and its types.

Muscle tissue is composed of cells that have the special ability to shorten or contract in order to produce movement of the body parts. So every part of body that contract and relax contains muscles.

Origin = mesodermal

Types of Muscles.
There are three types of muscles present in our body.
1. Smooth Muscles
2. Cardiac Muscles
3. Skeletal Muscles

Structure and Function of Smooth muscles

Smooth muscle, muscle that shows no cross stripes under microscopic magnification. It consists of narrow spindle-shaped cells with a single, centrally located nucleus. Smooth muscle tissue, unlike striated muscle, contracts slowly and automatically.

Smooth muscle is found throughout the body where it serves a variety of functions.
For simplicity, the basic functions of smooth muscle in the organ systems are listed below.

• Gastrointestinal tract: Propulsion of the food bolus

• Cardiovascular: Regulation of blood flow and pressure via vascular resistance

• Renal: Regulation of urine flow

• Genital: Contractions during pregnancy, propulsion of sperm

• Respiratory tract: Regulation of bronchiole diameter

• Integument: Raises hair with erector pili muscle

• Sensory: Dilation and constriction of the pupil as well as changing lens shape

Cardiac muscle:
Cardiac muscle tissue, or myocardium, is a specialized type of muscle tissue that forms the heart. Cardiac muscle tissue contracts and releases involuntarily. It is responsible for keeping the heart pumping blood around the body.
Cardiac muscle is similar to skeletal muscle, another major muscle type, in that it possesses contractile units known as sarcomeres; this feature, however, also distinguishes it from smooth muscle, the third muscle type. Cardiac muscle differs from skeletal muscle in that it exhibits rhythmic contractions and is not under voluntary control. The rhythmic contraction of cardiac muscle is regulated by the sinoatrial node of the heart, which serves as the heart’s pacemaker.

Skeletal muscles:
Skeletal muscles are present around skeleton and facilitates movement of skeleton.
- skeletal muscles are striated
- skeletal muscles are voluntary
- Structure of skeletal muscles are long cylindrical and they are multi-nucleated called syncytium.

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