How to Calculate Binding Energy in XPS

How to Calculate Binding Energy (BE) in X-rays Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) technique?

In XPS analysis, two common x-rays sources are used i.e., Al Kα~1486.6 eV and Mg Kα line ~1253.6 eV to escape core electrons from the atoms. The famous equation for XPS analysis shows

hv = BE+ KE+ ϕ or BE = hv - KE - ϕ

In the above equation, x-rays energy (hv) is constant, which is 1486.6 eV, the Kinetic Energy (KE) of the photoelectrons detected by the XPS detector which 1000 eV, and the work function (ϕ
) of the spectrometer is 4.64 eV, then BE can be calculated as:

BE = 1486.6 eV−1000 eV−4.6 eV= 482 eV

Therefore, the BE = 482 eV belong to the specific core electrons of the atom present in the sample. We simply compare this calculated BE with BE Table and the elements in the sample are identified.

What is BE Table?

BE Table available online, which contains All elements BE except Hydrogen & Helium.

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