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Learn how to effectively encode strings in Android using Java or Kotlin, ensuring your URLs are properly formatted for HTTP requests.
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/64290134/ asked by the user 'Agung Laksana' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/8360561/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/64290237/ provided by the user 'leeal' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/14351544/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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Understanding String Encoding in Android

When working with Android applications, particularly when making HTTP requests, you may encounter a situation where you need to include strings with spaces and special characters in your URLs. For example, turning a plain string like "abc 123 def" into an encoded format like "abc%20123%20def" is crucial for constructing valid query parameters. In this guide, we will dive into how to accomplish this using either Java or Kotlin.

The Problem: Encoding Strings for URLs

Imagine you have a string that includes spaces and numbers that you want to include as a parameter in your HTTP request. The expected formatted URL could look like this:

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However, when you try to encode the string using the typical method, you might end up with results like "321+ pop", which is not what you want. This happens because the space character is encoded to a + instead of the preferred URL encoding %20.

The Solution: Proper String Encoding

To properly encode your strings for URLs in Android using Java or Kotlin, you can use the URLEncoder class. Here’s how to do this correctly, avoiding the pitfalls of receiving a + in place of a space.

Step 1: Use URLEncoder to Encode Your String

First, you will want to encode your string using the following method in either Java or Kotlin:

Java Example

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Kotlin Example

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Step 2: Replace + with %20

Even after encoding, you may find instances of + in your output. This is a common issue when encoding spaces in URL parameters. To fix this, simply add a string replacement function after encoding to replace any instances of + with %20.

Important Notes

Always ensure you specify "UTF-8" as the encoding scheme to accommodate all characters properly.

The replace method effectively ensures that your string is correctly formatted for query parameters.

Conclusion

Now you have the knowledge to convert any string into a properly encoded format suitable for use in your HTTP requests within your Android applications. By using URLEncoder.encode and correctly handling the resulting string, you can avoid common pitfalls and ensure a smooth user experience. Happy coding!