The Bihar Chapter 2।प्राचीन नालंदा विश्वविद्यालय

Nalanda ancient university ruins are in Nalanda, 15 km from Rajgir city. The modern university is in Rajgir city. The university was established around 427CE by Kumaragupta I of Gupta dynasty and was functional till 1400 CE. This was the first residential university in India and probably the world, students from many countries came here to study the various doctrines of Buddhism.
Around 1200CE Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji, general of Qutabuddin Aibak attacked the region with his forces and burnt down a large part of the university. Excavations done between 1915 to 1937 in the area, around 1920s revealed a thick layer of ash on top probably from burnt books from the extensive library of over 10 lakh books
Some of the monks escaped with whatever they could save to Tibet, Buddhism was largely wiped out from the area
The university was at its peak during 5th and 6th centuries, received lot of support from Buddhist countries and was visited by many monks and travellers notably Huien Tsang from China


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